December, 2013
2MALTESER INTERNATIONAL: INCLUSIVE DRR ADVISOR AND PROJECT TEAM IN VIETNAM
REPRESENTATIVE OF QUANG NAM RED CROSS
Mr. Pham Bang
REPRESENTATIVES OF DP HANOI
Ms. Duong Thi Van - Ms. Phan Bich Diep
Mr. Tran Quoc Nam - Mr. Nguyen Van Thuc
Mr. Le Van Anh - Mr. Do Thanh Son
Mr. Tran Ngoc Tuan
REPRESENTATIVE OF DRD CENTER IN HO CHI MINH
Mr. Le Huu Thuong
REPRESENTATIVE OF BIEN HOA CENTER FOR STUDIES AND SOCIAL CONSULTING, DONG NAI PROVINCE
Ms. Nguyen Thi Hien
REPRESENTATIVE OF NHAN AI DISABILITY SCHOOL, MY THO CITY, TIEN GIANG PROVINCE
Mr. Nguyen Khac Phuc
REPRESENTATIVES OF HUE BLIND ASSOCIATION
Mr. Nguyen Van Duy - Mr. Nguyen Van Quoc
Ms. Nguyen Thi Minh Xuan
REPRESENTATIVES OF DANANG DPO
Mr. Mai Cong Khoi - Mr. Pham Van Vinh
Mr. Tran Dinh Hai
REPRESENTATIVE OF QUANG NAM DPO
Mr. Truong Tan Buu
REPRESENTATIVE OF LAP THUAN VILLAGE, DAI HONG COMMUNE, DAI LOC DISTRICT
Mr. Nguyen Vinh
ILLUSTRATION
Mr. Phan Ngoc Tu
DESIGNER
Mr. Nguyen Thanh Son
3Inclusion is a term that has been increasingly relevant among development practitioners in recent years. It refers to those who are marginalized by mainstream society and who have been left out from benefitting the humanitarian and development efforts. Hence “inclusion” is nothing new or complex; however it should be the fundamental principle of both governmental and non-governmental organizations’ work toward all people in the society.
Disability inclusive Community Based Disaster Risk Management (DiCBDRM) is an approach, which works for everyone but with special emphasis on people with disabilities. This is because people with disabilities are identified as being most left out from benefitting from humanitarian and development effort, and also considered as the most vulnerable in disasters. Hence this manual encourages and assists the readers to pay special attention to needs and capacity of people with disabilities and include them in the CBDRM process.
The manual provides specific tips and recommendations on how to include people with disabilities in CBDRM work; however these tips and recommendations are applicable to other socially marginalized groups such as illiterate people or ethnic minorities. We encourage you to apply these approaches to other socially marginalized population as well. You will be surprised that with a little attention and specific assistance to remove their barriers, they can actively participate and contribute meaningfully to the discussion and decision-making process of CBDRM.
Sae Kani, MSc
Inclusive DRR Advisor
Malteser International
4Many hours of research and expertise have gone into the development of this manual. We would like to thank the contribution of:
• Disaster Management Center (DMC)
• Ministry of Labour- Invalids and Social Affairs (MoLISA)
• Others members of Disabled People’s Organizations (DPO) of Ha Noi, Hue, Quang Nam, Danang and Ho Chi Minh
• JANI members
Their direction and technical knowledge has been very valuable in the completion of this manual.
Particular inputs through provision of case studies from different organizations and people are also warmly appreciated and acknowledged in relevant chapters.
The content creation of this publication is funded by the European Commission Humanitarian Office through the JANI project and the printing was supported by German Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
We would also like to thank the donor for their generous support.
5This is the manual, on disability inclusion, is considered the supplement to the Community-Based Disaster Risk Management technical training manual under Project 1002 in Vietnam * 1 . Thus, the scope of this manual and information on Community-Based Disaster Risk Management tools has been narrowed down for this purpose.
The manual enables relevant practitioners to understand the following:
• Why Disability should be included in Community-Based Disaster Risk Management
• Overview of the Disability inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) cycle and detailed instruction on implementing: Step 1 (disability inclusive risk assessment) and step 2 (inclusive planning) of the cycle to ensure disability inclusion in CBDRM decision-making process.
• The role of stakeholders, especially Disabled People’s Organization members, at different levels of the Community-Based Disaster Risk Management.
As saving lives is fundamentally essential in crisis, everyone in the community, especially those with disabilities have the right to get involved. Even more so, they should be involved equally and effectively in the decision-making process to ensure their own safety in disaster. To that end, the focus of this manual is centered on the topics of early warnings and evacuation assistance. These topics have been developed based on documentation of the Disability-Inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Management projects implemented by Malteser International together with the partner DPOs * 2 .
Who uses this manual?
The manual has been prepared for the following target audience:
• DMC managers and staff
• DMC Master trainers
• Technical assistance groups at different levels
• People with disabilities and members of Disabled People’s Organizations from community level upwards
• Individuals and organizations who work on CBDRM issues/projects
How to use this manual?
This manual is divided into four chapters.
Chapter 1 focuses on the introduction of why disability should be mainstreamed in the Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM), the disability inclusive CBDRM cycle, and the role of stakeholders in different levels of disability inclusion.
Chapters 2, 3 and 4 concentrate on providing technical guidance for how to include the people with disabilities in the Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) and Planning for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR).
6DP/DPO: Disabled People’s Organization
DMC: Disaster Management Center
MoLISA: Ministry of Labor- Invalids and Social Affairs
MARD: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
JANI: Joint Advocacy Networking Initiative in Vietnam
ECHO: European Commission Humanitarian Office
MI: Malteser International
PC: People’s Committee
SCFSC: Steering Committee for Flood and Storm Control
CBDRM: Community-Based Disaster Risk Management
DiCBDRM: Disability inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Management
VCA: Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment
DRR: Disaster Risk Reduction
DRM: Disaster Risk Management
SEDP: Social Economic Development Plan
M&E: Monitoring and Evaluation
CRPD: Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities
WHO: World Health Organization
RT: Rescue team
7Authors of the manual 2
Preface 3
Acknowledgements 4
Scope of usage 5
Abbreviation 6
Table of contents 7
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INFORMATION ON DISABILITY INCLUSIVE CBDRM
1. Why disability inclusion in CBDRM is important? 10
2. Concept of inclusion 10
3. Concept of disability 12
4. Policies for Disability inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction 15
5. Disability Inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Management 18
6. Roles of stakeholders in National disability inclusive CBDRM program 20
Key messages 21
Steps of Disability inclusive VCA and Disaster risk management planning
CHAPTER 2: DISABILITY INCLUSIVE VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT (VCA)
1. Concept of disability inclusive VCA 23
2. Baseline data collection before doing VCA with people with disabilities 24
3. Performing VCA with people with disabilities 26
3.1. Hazard map 27
3.2. Household interview 33
3.3. Venn diagram 34
3.4. Focus group discussion (FGD) 35
84. Selection of representatives of people with disabilities in the village 36
5. Double check VCA results of people with disabilities 37
6. Integration of information, needs and capacity of people with disabilities in the village VCA 37
7. Essential recommendations for VCA performance with people with disabilities 38
7.1. Logistic preparations to ensure disability accessibility 38
7.2. Supplemental resources for people with disabilities 41
7.3. How to ensure effective participation of people with disabilities in the VCA? 42
Key messages 43
Checklist (for VCA facilitator) 44
CHAPTER 3: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INCLUSIVE VILLAGE COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN
1. Importance of the development of a village disaster risk management plan 45
2. Steps of developing a village inclusive community based disaster risk management plan 46
3. Contents of village inclusive community based disaster risk management plan 47
4. Tips for active and effective participation of people with disabilities and their family members in village meeting for developing a disaster risk management plan 52
5. Evacuation drill 53
5.1. Steps of implementing an evacuation drill 54
5.2. Tips for organizing an evacuation drill 54
5.3. Monitoring and Evaluation of evacuation drill 55
Key messages 56
Checklist (for village DRM committee and commune technical group) 56
9CHAPTER 4: INTEGRATION OF THE INCLUSIVE VILLAGE COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN INTO COMMUNE PLANS
1. Process of integrating village inclusive community based disaster risk management plans into commune plans 57
2. Contents of inclusive commune community based disaster risk management plan 60
Key messages 62
Checklist (For commune technical groups and SCFSC) 62
APPENDIX
Appendix 1: Baseline data to be collected at commune level 63
Appendix 2: Sample questions adapted and modified from Washington group questionnaire to identify persons with difficulties in disaster 64
Appendix 3: Baseline data to be collected at village level 65
Appendix 4: Sample questions of hazard mapping 66
Appendix 5: Reference questions for household interviews 67
Appendix 6: Monitoring form of evacuation drill 70
Appendix 7: Village community based disaster risk management plan 71
Appendix 8: Commune plan on community based disaster risk management 89
Page 5
*1) Under Project 1002/QD-TTg dated July 13, 2009 passed by The Prime Minister
*2) Pilot project on Disability inclusive CBDRM in 6 communes in Quang Nam province, project on developing Disability inclusive CBDRM tool for National CBDRM program.
10According to a 2010 WHO report, people with disabilities now make up 15% of the world population. * 1
In crisis, people with disabilities are considered as one of the most vulnerable groups. In order to evacuate safely, they often need assistance from their family members, village disaster risk management committee or rescue team. In this situation, not only people with disabilities are affected but also people who assist the people with disabilities can also be affected due to restrictions and limitations caused by disability. If including such caretakers into the overall percentage figure, people who are affected by disability can be estimated to represent at least 25% of the world’s population based on the WHO estimation of 15%.
This rough estimate shows the importance of disability inclusive CBDRM. If the issues concerning disability are effectively included in CBDRM with the active and effective participation/contribution of people with disabilities themselves as well as caretakers; resilience will be the end product of the WHOLE community. This is considered as Inclusive CBDRM for ALL.
Empowerment and capacity building + Effective Participation = Inclusion
“Inclusion in DRR is a process of being empowered and having capacity built to be able to participate effectively in decision making processes that affect lives.” * 2
11Integration: Vulnerable groups join in social activities without the special assistance needed to effectively participate.
→ Example: People with disabilities in the village are invited to a meeting for developing community based disaster risk management plan without any prior support which is needed. Therefore, people with disabilities cannot follow the discussion.
Inclusion: Vulnerable groups join in social activities and are provided additional support according to their needs in order to effectively participate.
→ Example: People with disabilities in the village are invited to a meeting for developing a disaster preparedness plan after being given content pre-operational support. Therefore, the people with disabilities can follow the discussion and effectively participate in the decision-making process.
1. People with disabilities cannot participate effectively in your program unless they are given the support they need in advance as well as during the decision-making process.
2. Without active and effective participation of people with disabilities, your DRR program cannot be called “Inclusive”!
12Impairment + Barriers = Disability
“Disability results from the interaction between people with impairments and attitudinal and environmental barriers that hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.”(UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities)(www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.html)
Impairments are problems with bodily functions or alterations in body structure.
For example: Paralysis or blindness
・Physical
・Hearing and speaking
・Vision
・Mental
・Intellectual
Barriers can be visible or invisible.
Following are the main barriers:
・Thought and attitude barriers
・Physical barriers
・Information barrier
・Policy and Institutional barrier
Examples:
• The attitudes of parents who refuse their children to study together with an intellectually-disabled child in the same class.
• The common prejudice which states that persons with disabilities cannot do anything so there is no point of inviting them to village meetings (including meetings for performing VCA or making disaster risk management plan).
Recommended solutions:
• Organize awareness-raising workshop on disability inclusion for villagers so that villagers have the right understanding about people with disabilities and their right to participate.
• Persons with disabilities need to be encouraged warmly in order to overcome their lack of confidence. One way to do so is to increase their confidence by helping them to prepare the contents to talk before participating in village meetings. In the meeting, the facilitator encourages them to speak by directly asking them questions, using pictures to help them to answer more easily.
• Train VCA facilitators on disability inclusive VCA so that the facilitators can help villagers to remove such barriers.
Examples:
• Meeting room on the second floor is not accessible to people with disabilities.
• Meeting location is too far for person with wheelchair to attend.
Recommended solutions:
• Select another accessible meeting room or asking people to assist if cannot find accessible room.
• Try to find a meeting space as close as possible for persons with physical impairment.
Examples:
• Facilitator is only talking verbally when they are giving instructions.
• No assistance for people with visual impairments when they are drawing a hazard map.
Recommended solutions:
• Write down instructions on a large paper if they can read. If they can understand sign languages, try to have a sign interpreter.
• Ask an assistant to describe what is being drawn for people with visual impairment so that he/she can follow.
Examples:
• People with disabilities cannot become teachers in mainstream schools or village DRM committees as their condition is considered ‘unfit to teach / participate’.
Recommended solutions:
• Collectively work on advocacy to change public policies for people with disabilities.
14DANH IS 12 AND HE LIVES IN A RURAL AREA OF QUANG NAM PROVINCE. At 9 months old, his mother suddenly discovered that her son could not walk and speak (physical impairment).
Being so upset about his disability, his parents tried to take him to many places outside Quang Nam to get him cured. After 6 years, with the treatment from a rehabilitation center, Danh was able to call his mom slowly and some of his mobility was also recovered. At this point, Danh’s parents decided to bring him back home as they could not afford to continue his treatment (economic situation increase his vulnerability ). At home, his mother has tried to do daily rehabilitation for him and it has helped him to recover slowly.
Being a child with disability, Danh has always stayed in his house. Besides his family, he has no friends. Some villagers in his village feel sorry for him and love him; however, others are scared of him due to his disability (attitude barrier).
Danh’s biggest dream is to be able to go to school like other boys in his village. His parents knew about his dream and tried to enroll him in the local public kindergarten and primary schools. However, he was always refused due to his disability (attitude barrier).
Danh has a disability that is a combination of all these factors. An impairment or health condition only DISABLES Danh depending on the physical and social environment around him.
Article 11: Situations of risk and humanitarian emergencies
State Parties shall take, in accordance with obligations under international law, including international law and international human rights law, all necessary measures to ensure the protection and safety of people with disabilities in situations of risk, including situations of armed conflict, humanitarian and occurrences of natural disasters.
Goal 7: Integrate disability perspective into disaster preparedness and management.
Target 7.A
Strengthen disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction planning.
Target 7.B
Strengthen implementation of measures on providing timely and appropriate support to people with disabilities in responding to disasters.
Article 3: Explaining vocabularies
4. Vulnerable group includes children, old people, pregnant women, women having children under 12 months old, people with disabilities, people having fatal diseases, people living in poor conditions.
Article 15: Community plan for disaster preparedness and prevention; identify contents, suitable measures for preparing and preventing disaster, focusing on vulnerable groups.
Article 4: Rights and responsibility of people with disabilities
1. People with disabilities are ensured the following rights: Equal participation in social activities.
Article 5: State Policies for people with disabilities
2. Prevention, reduction of in-born disabilities, disabilities caused by accidents, diseases and other dangers that result in disabilities.
7. Encouragement of activities assisting people with disabilities.
16According to news reports, when an earthquake struck California in 1994, a man was turned away from a shelter because the staff could not understand sign language.
It was also reported that after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, there were many examples of people with disabilities who, being unable to escape the waves, drowned. In the Sambodhi Residential Home in Galle, Sri Lanka, only 41 of its 102 residents survived; many of those who died were unable to leave their beds or failed to react in time to escape.
The death rate of people with disabilities in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami was 2 times more than the death rate for the entire population.
After the Haiti Earthquake in January 2010, approximately 200,000 people are expected to live with long-term disabilities as a result of injuries.
(UNDP news-www.unisdr.org/2013/iddr)
Situated in the tropical monsoon zone close to the typhoon center of the western pacific, Vietnam is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the Mekong region. Cyclones and the associated heavy rains regularly devastate the lowlands along the 3,200km long coastline. An estimated 59% of its total land area and 71% of its population are vulnerable to cyclones and floods. Over the last 20 years, natural disasters have resulted in the loss of over 13,000 lives.
(Fiscal Impact of Natural Disaster in Vietnam, GFDRR, January 2011)
In Vietnam, so far, there has not been any governmental official statistic data showing clearly how people with disabilities have been affected in disasters and how they have contributed in the CBDRM. Fortunately, the pilot project on Dis-Inclusive CBDRM in Quang Nam and the surveys made by MI, as well as by their DPO partners and Swiss Red Cross resulted in the following findings:
- No priority of early warning assistance for people with disabilities. (People with disabilities and non-disabled people receive early warning at the same time).
- People with hearing impairment have not been prioritized in the list of early warning assistance.
- No early warning assistance priority list in the village community-based disaster risk management plan.
- Many people with disabilities evacuate very late or do not evacuate at all for many reasons such as: Not being able to evacuate due to the water rising too fast; no evacuation shelter to go to; no assisting devices and people to help evacuate people with disabilities; feeling uncomfortable and afraid of disturbing people in neighboring houses or evacuation shelters due to their disabilities; not thinking that the water could rise higher than the previous years; feeling afraid of losing their property; etc.
- No proper priority list of evacuation assistance in the village community-based disaster risk management plans to fulfill the needs of people with disabilities.
- People with disabilities and family members are not members of the village DRM committees.
- People with disabilities and family members have not been actively and meaningfully involved in planning meetings.
(Malteser International Field Report of Focus Group Discussion with people with disabilities and family members from MI pilot project in 6 communes of Dai Loc, Dien Ban and Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province).
17The findings from the survey of “Persons living with disabilities and disaster”for 2013 International Disaster Risk Reduction (IDDR) Day launched by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). * 4
• 74% of people with disabilities have not known or do not know for sure about their community disaster management plan.
• 69% of people with disabilities have not been involved in decision-making and planning processes for their community disaster management plan.
• 31% of people with disabilities believed that their needs have been addressed in the community disaster management plan.
• 76% of persons with disabilities have faced difficulties during evacuation.
Mr. Nhung, a person with physical impairment, is a very active member of Dong Phuoc village DRM committee (Dai Loc district, Quang Nam province). He gave early warning for his neighbors when the flood came. “As I am the committee representative of people with disabilities, I am happy to know that I can contribute to my neighbors’ safety by providing early evacuation warning to them”, Mr. Nhung stated.
Ms. Be, Vice Head of DPO Duy Xuyen, is a person with severe physical impairment. Though travelling to training locations is a challenge to her, she managed to come to villages in Duy Thu and Duy Thanh commune by her own tri-cycle motorbike to train people with disabilities and their family members on Disability inclusive Community based Disaster Risk Management. The trainings increased confidence of people with disabilities and helped them to participate effectively in village meetings for developing community based DRM plan. “I once thought that I was useless and could not contribute to society, so I decided to give all my best to my family and only them. However, after receiving the teacher trainer of training course, I can now deliver the trainings to help build my fellow locals who are disabled to be confident and actively involved in their community disaster risk prevention program. From my experience, I personally think that if people of disabilities are given the chance to participate in social activities just as non-disabled people, their self-esteem would surely increase. They will feel that they are respected and useful in this life. They will live better lives. This is the greatest motivation that enables me to continue to make and give my time in training other people of disabilities,” Ms. Be shared.
(Examples from most significant changes of Malteser pilot project on Disability inclusive CBDRM in Quang Nam province)
“Disability inclusive Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (DiCBDRM) is a collective effort of all community members to reduce the impact of disasters with particular emphasis on the inclusion of people with disabilities. ” * 5
It is advised by the National Disaster Risk Management Center that in order to implement CBDRM, practitioners should follow the 4 basic stages below. * 6
(1) Identification of community and risk assessment
(2) Development of disaster risk reduction plan
(3) Implementation of the plan
(4) Monitoring & evaluation
Note: See detailed information on disability inclusion in each stage next page
19As the CBDRM is implemented with these four stages, it is important to consider disability inclusion in each stage. Following are the basic recommendations for disability inclusion corresponding to the four stages.
1. Consider the number of people with disabilities as a criterion to select prioritized community for risk assessment besides criteria of disaster prone areas. (People with disabilities should be identified according to their limitations in physical and cognitive functions rather than mere physical impairment). To make sure people with disabilities are appropriately identified according to their functional limitations (see appendix 2 sample questions of Washington group), it is necessary to cross check information from many different sources rather than rely on one source of data. (Especially with local Disabled People’s Organizations (DPO), if available).
2. Try to help people with disabilities and village stakeholders to understand the concept of “Inclusion” correctly before starting the Disability inclusive Vulnerability Capacity Assessment (VCA).
3. Conduct VCA for people with disabilities and family members prior to village VCA to ensure effective participation of people with disabilities and family members in mainstreaming village VCA activity.
4. Select strong representatives of people with disabilities to share information, and integrate the VCA results of people with disabilities into the village VCA.
5. Follow steps of conducting Disability inclusive VCA (see chapter 2)
6. Ensure recommendations (see session of tips in chapter 2) in this manual are implemented when training/building capacity for the VCA facilitator is conducted.
1. Ensure recommendations in the manual (in chapter 3) are implemented when training/building capacity for the facilitator of planning meetings is conducted.
2. Follow detailed steps for development of an Inclusive community based disaster risk management plan at village and commune level according to Chapter 3, and 4 of the Disability inclusive CBDRM manual.
3. Assist representatives of people with disabilities in participating effectively in planning meetings at village and commune level until their reasonable needs are included in the Inclusive Disaster risk management plans.
4. Collect opinions of people with disabilities and family members about the evacuation drill that is an important step of testing the suitability and feasibility of the early warning and evacuation mechanism in the Inclusive community based disaster risk management plans, especially people who need special assistance for early warning and evacuation.
5. Revise the village and commune draft of the Inclusive community based disaster risk management plan based on opinions of stakeholders including people with disabilities after testing by several drills.
1. Establish a mechanism of early warning and evacuation assistance when disaster happens and other disaster risk reduction activities mentioned in the approved village and commune Inclusive community based disaster risk management plan.
2. Ensure participation of DPO members and villagers with disabilities in the relevant activities.
1. Develop an Inclusive Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Plan.
2. Set up disability inclusive indicators in the Monitor and Evaluation plan.
3. Conduct the M&E of implementation of the village and commune Inclusive community based disaster risk management plan.
4. Make sure DPO members and representatives of people with disabilities are involved in the M&E process.
5. Collect and store data related to people with disabilities affected by disaster to have lessons learnt.
6. Analyze the data related to disability inclusion at village and commune level and use it for recommendations to relevant decision makers at higher levels for future application.
20In order to ensure disability inclusion in the National CBDRM program under Project 1002, it is necessary to develop an operational mechanism with participation of people with disabilities at different levels with different roles.
Role of disability focused stakeholders
Ensure participation of MoLISA representative in meetings with DMC and other stakeholders to develop policies and guideline of disability inclusion
Role of DMC
- Develop CBDRM framework
- Allocate budget for different levels
- Build capacity for technical assistance groups at provincial, district and commune levels
Role of disability focused stakeholders
Ensure participation of representative of persons with disabilities in technical assistance groups and decision making process for DRM plan
Role of DMC
- Provide technical assistance at the district level
- Propose to national level to assist issues out of provincial’s capability
Role of disability focused stakeholders
Ensure participation of representative of persons with disabilities in technical assistance groups and decision making process for DRM plan
Role of DMC
- Provide technical assistance at commune level
- Propose to provincial level to assist issues out of district’s capability
Role of disability focused stakeholders
Ensure participation of representative of persons with disabilities in technical assistance groups and decision making process for DRM plan
Role of DMC
- Provide technical assistance at village level
- Integrate needs of villages into commune plans
- Propose to district level to assist issues out of commune capacity
Role of disability focused stakeholders
Ensure participation of representative of persons with disabilities in DRM committee and decision making process for DRM plan
Role of DMC
- Perform assessment of strengths and weaknesses of village
- Develop an inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan
- Participate in meetings for developing commune inclusive plans for disaster prevention and social economic development
Page 10
*1) http://who.int/disabilities/world_report/2011/en
*2) Working definition, Malteser International Vietnam
Page 11
*3) Working definition, Malteser International Vietnam
Page 17
*4) The findings are from the survey of persons with disabilities and disaster for the 2013 International Disaster Risk Reduction (IDDR) Day launched by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). The UNISDR’s survey was partly contributed by the Disability inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction Network in Asia and Pacific (DiDRRN) (www.didrrn.net). In Vietnam, the Disabled People’s Organization (DPO) of Danang, Quang Nam, Hanoi, Hue blind association and Swiss Red Cross conducted the survey with representatives of 733 persons living with disabilities in some areas of the 5 provinces/cities.
Page 18
*5) Source: Malteser International based on DiDRRN approach. Website: www.didrrn.net
*6) Guideline for implementing Project 1002 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
21• Empowering and building capability for people with disabilities are needed before they participate in mainstreamed activities in their community.
• Always considering removing barriers for people with disabilities in community activities to help them participate effectively.
• Consider care takers as people affected by disability, not only the individuals who have impairments.
• Considering and implementing disability inclusion at each stage of CBDRM cycle.
• Implementing disability inclusion at all levels within the CBDRM program framework.
22Step 1: Baseline data collection to identify the target groups
→Time: 2 months before performing VCA with people with disabilities and family members
Step 2: VCA with people with disabilities
→Time: Total days maximum: 2 days and a half
Step 2.1: Draw hazard map / Perform household interview / Develop Venn diagram / Perform Focus group discussion
→Time: 2 days
Note: different groups conduct activities separately in 2 days
Step 2.2: Select representatives of people with disabilities
→Time: By the end of VCA activities
Step 2.3: Double check VCA results with people with disabilities and family members
→Time: Half a day to 1 day
Step 3: Village VCA
Integrate VCA information, needs of people with disabilities in village VCA results
→Time: Half a day to 1 day
Step 4: Develop village community based disaster risk management plan with representatives of people with disabilities
→Time: Half a day to 1 day
Step 5: Submit village community based disaster risk management plan to commune People’s Committee for approval
→Time: Half a day
Step 6: Village community based disaster risk management plan is integrated into commune plans
→Time: 2 to 3 days
In this chapter, the way to include people with disabilities in VCA will be explained. VCA results of people with disabilities should be included in the village VCA conducted; with other villagers with the representatives of people with disabilities being present. By doing this way, the needs and capabilities of people with disabilities will be appropriately reflected in the village VCA result.
A process of collecting and analyzing information provided by community including people with disabilities consists of:
• Dangers that threaten lives, properties and livelihoods of human beings
• Weaknesses of community
• Available strengths of community
• To select people with disabilities and family members to participate in different sessions of VCA process appropriately.
• To know what kinds of logistics should be prepared in advance.
• To have a base map of the village o help people with disabilities to draw hazard maps.
• To have overall information on how people with disabilities prepare for disasters in general.
Without proper baseline data collection, your VCA cannot be successful!!!
• Commune People’s Committee
• Members of local Disabled People’s Organization (DPO)
• Head or Vice Head of village, Head of sub villages
• Different village people with disabilities and their family members
Step 1: Read this training manual on how to collect baseline data carefully
Step 2: Send questionnaire of the baseline data to commune and village stakeholders to fill in
Step 3: Meet the stakeholders including representatives of people with disabilities and their family members to collect and double check
Step 4: Analyze information collected and highlight special points for consideration when doing VCA with people with disabilities
The baseline data is collected at commune (People’s Committee staff responsible for disaster and disability affairs) and village level (village Head or Vice Head, Head of sub-villages, representatives of people with different disabilities).
Overview information of all persons with disabilities in the commune that will assist VCA facilitators in planning VCA performance. Main information to be collected include:
25General statistics on:
• Number of people with disabilities (male, female, children with disabilities & elderly)
• Number of people with each type of impairment (adult and children)
• Number of people with disabilities enrolled in school
• Total number of people with disabilities living alone
• Number of households having more than one person with disabilities
(See template in Appendix 1)
Detailed information about people with disabilities in each village. With this information, VCA facilitators will be able to select which persons with disabilities should be invited and when to invite them for different VCA meetings. Main contents are mentioned below:
1. Detailed list of people with disabilities with the following information:
• Name, age, sex (male/ female)
• School enrollment
• Type of impairment
• Living area (number of sub-village, in disaster prone area or not)
• Living conditions
• Care taker’s capability to assist during evacuation
2. How people with disabilities received early warning and when? (in the last 5 years)
3. How people with disabilities have evacuated?
4. A base map of the village (see picture below).
(See template in Appendix 3)
To ensure a disability inclusive VCA process, it is necessary to perform VCA with people with disabilities prior to inviting them to join the village VCA. This additional preparation step is essential in assisting people with disabilities to be more confident and to be able to participate effectively in the VCA process with other villagers in their community (following the rule of inclusion).
Diagnostic Instruments to perform VCA with people with disabilities.
There are many diagnostic instruments to perform VCA. However, for people with disabilities, it is recommended to select the following instruments to work:
- Hazard map
- Household interview
- Venn diagram
- Focus group discussion
These diagnostic instruments have been selected because:
• They are suitable for collecting information from people with disabilities (after successfully tested by DPO and MI * 8 ).
• They can collect essential information for developing disaster risk management plans.
• They focus on the safety of people with disabilities and other villagers at risks.
As for Venn diagrams (see page 31), if the VCA facilitator has collected the necessary information from the other diagnostic instruments, it is not compulsory to use it.
27Hazard Map is the most important instrument in VCA because it can have full participation of the people with disabilities.
However, it is recommended to produce one hazard map especially for people with disabilities before the village hazard map is developed. This is because when people with disabilities draw their hazard map; they can identify in advance the information that helps them feel easy in sharing and integrating their information into the village map.
As for people who draw the hazard map, VCA facilitators should invite all people with disabilities who can participate. With people with serious mental, intellectual, physical impairment and children with disabilities, it is recommended to invite their family members to join.
Through the hazard map, people with disabilities and family members can identify the following information:
• Dangers for people with disabilities which may be not dangers to non-disabled people
Example: Evacuation road has many rocks that make difficulty for people with wheel chair to evacuate.
• Strengths and weaknesses of people with disabilities
Example:
- Strengths: some people with disabilities have skills of being in the army before and thus can be members of village disaster management committee.
- Weaknesses: deaf people cannot hear early warning through public loudspeaker
• Households of people with disabilities who require early warning assistance
Example: People with hearing impairments cannot hear information from public loudspeakers. Therefore, they need a different kind of assistance for early warning (e.g. pictures, lights).
• Households of people with disabilities who require early evacuation assistance
Example: Family has 2 people with serious physical impairment. Therefore, they need special assistance for early evacuation.
• Evacuation routes which are accessible to them.
Example: Evacuation routes for people with visual impairment do not have many holes.
In order to help people with disabilities to draw their hazard map, it is necessary to follow these steps:
Step 1: Explain to people with disabilities and family members the purpose of the hazard map and basic information in the hazard map (with an example of a hazard map from another village).
Step 2: Show the base map of their village, received when collecting baseline data, ask people with disabilities and family members to check the information available before filling more detailed information in step 3, 4 and 5.
Step 3: Guide the persons with disabilities and family members to draw the first group of basic information: rice fields, public loudspeaker or other means of early warning, bridge, small channels, direction flow of river, houses of village stakeholders and rescue team, houses of all persons with disabilities (marked with different symbols representing each kind of difficulty in evacuation).
Step 4: Guide the persons with disabilities and family members to draw second group of information: disaster prone area, areas which cannot access public loudspeaker, dangers.
Step 5: Guide the persons with disabilities and family members to draw final group of information: Houses of people who need assistance on early warning and evacuation, evacuation shelter, evacuation road, means of assistance.
Important notes:
See guidance questions in of each step in Appendix 4.
In order to help people with disabilities to draw hazard map, facilitators should:
• Provide assisting materials prepared in advance (see examples in page 42) and show them how to fill in the hazard map.
• Make concept check with them about the information to be drawn before they start.
After people with disabilities and their family members finish drawing their hazard map, the facilitators should assist them in listing their needs in terms of early warning and evacuation assistance, which is already mentioned in the hazard map (see example below).
Priority list of early warning - Ha Duc Dong village
No. |
Name |
Sub-village |
Reason |
Method |
Person in charge |
1st evacuation: receiving flood information from commune, heavy rain and water yet reach the fields |
|||||
1 |
|
3 |
Low hearing capacity, in landslide prone area and cannot hear loudspeaker |
Directly to the house |
Tinh (5 minutes) |
1 |
|
6 |
Low hearing capacity, in landslide prone area and cannot hear loudspeaker |
Directly to the house |
Chin (5 minutes) |
2 |
|
6 |
Elderly persons with difficulty in mobilization, in landslide prone area and cannot hear loudspeaker |
Directly to the house |
Truoc (5 minutes) Hai (5 minutes) |
3 |
|
5 |
Household with 2 hearing and physical PwDs and difficulty in mobilization |
Directly to the house |
Duc (2 minutes) |
4 |
|
5 |
Mental and physical impairment, cannot hear loudspeaker and in low-lying area |
Directly to the house |
Duc, Hoa (5 minutes) |
4 |
|
6 |
Low hearing capacity and cannot hear loudspeaker |
Directly to the house |
Tien (15 minutes) |
5 |
|
6 |
Elderly, difficulty in mobilization and cannot hear loudspeaker. Far from loudspeaker |
Directly to the house |
Tu (5 minutes) |
5 |
|
6 |
Physical impairment, in low area and cannot hear loudspeaker |
Telephone |
Truoc (2 minutes) |
2nd evacuation: water begins to spill in DT 609 highway in sub-group 2 and 3, rising quite fast and likely to reach 2009 recorded level |
|||||
1 |
|
3 |
Visual impairment, in low-lying area and cannot hear loudspeaker clearly |
Telephone |
Duc (2 minutes) |
3rd evacuation: water begins to reach road in sub-group 4 and 5 (including sub-village 5, 6 and 7), rising quite fast and likely to reach 2009 recorded level |
|||||
1 |
|
3 |
Hearing impairment, cannot hear loudspeaker and in low-lying area |
Directly to the house |
Hoa (10 minutes) |
Priority list of evacuation - Ha Duc Dong village
No. |
Name |
Sub-village |
Reason |
Method |
Evacuation shelter |
Persons in charge |
1st evacuation: receiving flood information from commune, heavy rain and water yet reach the fields |
||||||
1 |
|
6 |
Elderly, difficulty in mobilization and in landslide prone area |
Carry by motorbike |
Pagoda |
Truoc (10 minutes) Hai (10 minutes) |
1 |
|
6 |
Physical impairment, difficulty in mobilization and unstable house |
Monitor or carry on wheelchair |
At Tu’s |
Toi, Kiem (5 minutes) |
3rd evacuation: water begins to reach roads in sub-group 4 and 5 (including sub-village 5, 6 and 7), rising quite fast and likely to reach 2009 recorded level |
||||||
1 |
|
3 |
Hearing impairment, being wholly paralyzed and in low-lying area |
Taking by hammock |
At Tam’s |
Hoa (5 minutes) |
Hazard map is the tool that can have full participation of people with disabilities. During the process of facilitation where participants are drawing a hazard map, facilitators should be aware that different groups of people with disabilities require different assistance in order to maximize their participation.
Groups of disabilities are divided into five groups as follows: people with physical impairment, people with visual impairment, people with hearing impairment, people with intellectual and mental impairment, and children with disabilities.
People with physical impairment can directly draw a hazard map. However, facilitators should help them remove physical barriers by:
• Selecting accessible place for meeting.
• Asking assistants to assist people with wheel chair to get inside meeting room if the room is not accessible.
• Arranging suitable seating for people with wheel chair in the meeting room.
People with visual impairment cannot directly draw a hazard map; however they can provide important information about themselves to be included in the map if facilitators mobilize their involvement by:
• Explaining the importance of the hazard map for their own preparedness.
• Explaining the tentative participatory method and confirm with her/him the way he/she wants to be involved.
• Describing the process of drawing so that they can follow and participate.
• Encouraging her/him to share information, opinions during the process of drawing.
33The hazard map is the tool that facilitators can mobilize their participation. However, facilitators should remember:
• Spending some time with them to get agreement on signs/gestures and check their capability in reading and writing.
• Using big size/simple pictures and visualized materials as much as possible.
• Using short and simple questions to ask (for those who can read).
• Should not invite more than 7 people in the meeting (as they need more individual attention).
With this group of people with disabilities, facilitators should take into account the following points:
• Using assisting symbols and pictures as many as possible.
• Trying to collect information from people with disabilities first. If it is not possible, ask their family members.
Same with adults, in order to assist children with disabilities to participate effectively in the hazard map session, facilitators should take into account the following points:
• Should invite children with disabilities above 10 years old who agree to participate, their parents and/or teachers. However, do not let parents and teachers decide for the children.
• Using simple questions to ask and help them to draw.
• Inviting no more than 10 children at a time.
After hazard map of people with disabilities is finished, VCA facilitators should go to selected houses of people with disabilities to do household interview. This household interview is important because the facilitator can learn about:
- A family’s capability to assist person/people with disabilities for the evacuation. (This will help to include appropriate people in the priority list of early evacuation later).
- Whether a person with disability really cannot attend the meeting or it is just perception of the family
- The level of support provided by the community and local authority
List of households for interview including people with the following factors:
• People with disabilities who are unable to come to the meeting with other people
• People who live in disaster prone sub-village (based on the hazard map)
34• Should directly talk to people with disabilities as much as you can. (Don’t let family members interrupt the interview).
• If a person with disabilities cannot be interviewed directly, talk to the closest care-taker (not the head of household, or health workers).
(See guidance questions in Appendix 5)
After hazard mapping, the VCA facilitator can assist people with disabilities to develop a Venn Diagram. This is an instrument used to double check the information already collected by other diagnostic instruments or to collect more information on social interaction and its strength of organizations, individuals and groups in a community who have assisted people with disabilities in disasters.
People participating in Venn Diagram session should include people with visual impairment; people with physical impairment; family members of people with hearing impairment, children with disabilities, and people with serious mental and physical impairment. Based on our experience, people with hearing impairment have difficulty in participating in this session as information on social interaction is an abstract subject. Our DPO partners of people with hearing impairment recommended that Venn diagram session is not necessary within VCA with people with hearing impairment.
35• Help people with disabilities to be familiar with symbols used in the Venn diagram before discussing main content.
• Be clear on the information you would like to collect and explain to the participants.
• Do not use abstract questions.
• To collect information easily, guide people with disabilities and family members to evaluate level of assistance of organizations, individuals and groups (towards them) by ranking from 1-5 (1 is least and 5 is most help). Ask reasons ‘why’ for checking their evaluation.
After hazard mapping, it is necessary to perform FGD with people with disabilities and family members to collect deeper information related to social strengths and weaknesses of the community. Based on the information collected from Venn diagram, you will be able to identify what information you should collect more from people with disabilities and family members. Think of questions to collect that information in focus group discussion.
People with visual and physical impairment and family members of children with disabilities, serious mental and physical impairments can conduct FGD together. People with hearing impairments should hold a separate FGD.
36• Be clear about the most important questions you want to ask.
• Maximum three focused questions and no longer than 90 min (otherwise the discussion is not focused anymore).
• Always have a facilitator and a separate note-taker so that facilitator can focus on listening.
• Ask people with disabilities before asking their family members.
• Ask short and simple questions. Ask one question at a time.
• Check people with disabilities whether they understand the questions before answering.
By the end of the VCA, people with disabilities and family members will select their representatives to join village DRM committee to finalize their village plan.
When selecting the representatives of people with disabilities, it is necessary to choose:
• People with different types of disabilities (especially those who need assistance for evacuation)
• Family members of children with disabilities
• Those who are able to clearly present results of the VCA of people with disabilities, answer questions related to their hazard map, and priority lists of early warning and evacuation assistance
• Family members if there are no suitable candidates from people with disabilities themselves.
Note: The selection should also consider different needs between men, women and age.
37After finishing VCA with people with disabilities and family members, the VCA facilitators will organize a meeting to discuss the summarized information of the VCA results with the representatives selected based on the above-mentioned process. This meeting will enable the VCA facilitators and the representatives to prepare for the presentation to other villagers in the village VCA meetings.
After the VCA from people of disabilities’ point of view, the representatives attending village VCA meetings need to integrate their information with the village VCA information. The integration happens through the following steps:
Step1: Representatives of people with disabilities present their hazard map and 2 priority lists of early war n ing and evacuation assistance in the beginning of the village VCA meeting.
Step 2: Representatives of people with disabilities answer questions raised by other villagers (if any).
Step 3: All members agree with the information of persons with disabilities to be integrated with the village VCA information.
Step 4: All members draw a whole village hazard map and make a village priority list of early warning and evacuation assistance including information of people with disabilities.
Logistic preparation is very important for working with people with disabilities. If the logistic preparation is not well done, it will affect effective participation of people with disabilities. Below are several important recommendations.
1. Prepare big sized pictures and other visual materials to clearly illustrate the questions.
2. Invite family members to assist or represent people who need close assistance for their understanding or cannot attend the meeting.
3. Invite a sign language interpreter (if people with hearing impairment can understand sign language) to assist whenever necessary.
1. Select accessible venues or assisting people with physical impairments to get into the meeting rooms.
2. Preparing appropriate seating arrangement for all types of impairment (especially people with wheelchairs)
1. Prepare people to narrate to them when necessary
2. Write big sized letters for low vision people in visualized presentations
To help people with disabilities to participate more easily in developing a hazard map, facilitators should prepare several supporting visual materials, and help them to use those resources during the process of drawing the map.
For example: Symbols of people with disabilities with their difficulties
People who have difficulties in accessing information |
Including people with hearing impairment
These people need particular assistance such as early warning assistance by door to door warning. |
People who have difficulties in mobilization |
Including people with physical impairment
These people need evacuation assistance when they evacuate. |
People who have difficulties in decision making |
Including people with intellectual and mental impairment
These people also require both early warning assistance and early evacuation assistance. |
These symbols help to identify people who need particular assistance for early warning and evacuation within a hazard map.
The use of such visual symbols clearly shows on a hazard map which household needs particular assistance. Such visually categorized hazard map will help people to produce a village DRM plan, such as early warning assistance and evacuation assistance easily later on.
Symbols of school, bullhorns, etc:
Such symbols also help people with disabilities to identify and understand the hazard map easily. This is also helpful for other villagers as well as children.
42In order to ensure effective participation of people with disabilities in VCA, people with disabilities and VCA facilitators should follow certain guidelines:
• Come to the VCA meeting on time when receiving the invitation.
• Raise difficulties and needs in disaster situations and try to protect reasonable ideas.
• Share related experience and discuss with other villagers to make final decisions for all.
• Invite and assist people with disabilities to be able to come to a meeting place.
• Listen to opinions of people with disabilities and family members carefully.
• Discuss with participants and accept reasonable request of persons with disabilities.
• Talk with a sign interpreter before starting so that the interpreters understand the context of the meetings.
To enable people with disabilities to participate actively and effectively, facilitators are recommended to obtain the following skills for mobilizing participation:
• Always invite people with low vision and hard hearing to sit near the facilitator.
• Arrange suitable seats for family members (next to people with disabilities) and sign interpreters (opposite of deaf people is the best).
• Encourage silent people to speak by calling their names or asking direct questions.
• Calm down dominant people (especially some village stakeholders who talk a lot and do not respect opinions of people with disabilities seriously).
• Never use “yes” or “no” questions to check their understanding, because it does not mean they understood.
• Make the participants repeat information which you asked about.
• Check if people with disabilities can see and hear properly and regularly during the meetings.
• With people with hearing impairment or intellectually challenged people, use pictures to check their understanding.
Page 23
*7) Source: Malteser International Vietnam Office, a working definition in the project.
Page 26
*8) Through the disability inclusive CBDRM pilot project in Quang Nam and JANI project on development of supplementary tool on disability inclusive CBDRM for National training package
Always try to find the simple method to work with people with disabilities.
Remember to have visualized materials when working with people with disabilities, particularly with people with hearing, speaking and intellectual impairment.
Try to help people with disabilities and village stakeholders to understand correctly the concept of ‘inclusion’ before starting to work with them.
Plan more time to work with people with disabilities, as Disability inclusive VCA needs more time to be comprehensive.
Prepare additional resources (example: human and financial resources) when performing Disability inclusive VCA and integrating the needs of people with disabilities as they might require additional support to fill the gap such as sign interpreters or accessible transport to come to the meetings.
44Have you?
Read this manual on Disability Inclusive VCA before implementing VCA?
Planned collection of baseline data with steps for disability inclusion?
Created suitable disability inclusive baseline data collection forms?
Sent letters to different stakeholders including plans of baseline data collection and all relevant forms?
Talked with different stakeholders, including people with disabilities to check that the baseline data was reasonable?
Made sure all baseline data needed was available to serve the disability inclusive VCA?
Analyzed and highlighted the baseline data to prepare for VCA with people with disabilities?
Planned the VCA schedule and informed relevant stakeholders?
Prepared suitable stationery, assisting materials and devices for the VCA with people with disabilities?
Made a list of people with disabilities and family members for different VCA meetings and sent to village stakeholders?
Confirmed the participation of people with disabilities and family members?
Checked the accessible venue for the meetings?
Invited sign interpreter, if needed?
45When disaster strikes, villages will respond based on village disaster risk management plans that have been developed in accordance with the requirements of commune People’s Committees.
Therefore, the village community based disaster risk management plan is really important. If it is well developed with effective participation of all villagers and checked through regular drills, its efficiency should be higher and can enable the community to minimize risks caused by disaster. This is also one of the main specific objectives of the Project 1002 approved by the Prime Minister: “All villages and communes in disaster prone areas are able to develop a plan for disaster prevention”.
Benefits of a village plan for disaster risk reduction
“The communal People’s committee (PC) and the steering committee for flood and storm control (SCFSC) pay much attention to the flood prevention and rescue of people in case of disaster. However, due to limited budget, we face many difficulties in assisting all villages in our commune to act when disaster happens. To be active in responding to disaster, each village should develop its specific inclusive community based disaster risk management plan. This plan will help to reduce risks that can be caused by disaster. Therefore, it will help villagers feel safe in the flood and storm season”.
Vice Head of Dien Minh SCFSC, Dien Ban district, Quang Nam province
“Earlier, without the village inclusive community based disaster risk management plan, when disaster happened, our DRM committee members did not know exactly which tasks should be done. Villagers, then, just found their own way to save their lives. People who need special assistance to evacuate called their neighbors to help. However, if the water rises fast at night time, the neighbors could not come to assist. It is very risky for their lives.
Now, with a village detailed inclusive community based disaster risk management plan we know who and when to give early warning and evacuation assistance. Therefore, the plan helps to reduce the number of victims”.
Representatives of Tan Son village DRM committee, Dai Lanh commune, Dai Loc district
46The village disaster risk management plan is for all villagers in the community. Therefore it should fulfill the needs for all, including people with disabilities. In order to make such an inclusive community based disaster risk management plan, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development suggests practitioners to follow the following principles * 9 :
• Ensure that the plan is developed based on the results of village VCA. It should be realistic and suitable to the real situation of the community
• Ensure democracy with wide participation of the community, especially giving priority to vulnerable groups
• Plans should be specific, revised and updated over the year
Based on those principles, a recommended process for making disability inclusive community based disaster risk management plan has been developed as follows:
Step 1: Analyze village VCA results collected (including information of people with disabilities).
Step 2: Develop draft village inclusive community based disaster risk management plan based on the village VCA results (by the village DRM committee including representatives of people with disabilities).
Step 3: Organize village meeting to present the draft plan to all villagers and collect their comments. Complete the plan based on the villagers’ comments if they are reasonable.
Step 4: Organize village evacuation drill and evaluation of the drills by members of the village DRM committee; rescue team; commune SCFSC and technical assistance groups and all villagers including people with disabilities. The opinions of villagers, especially with people who need assistance on early warning and evacuation is important for revising the plan.
Step 5: Revise (if needed) and complete the plan based on results of the evaluation and submit to commune People’s Committee for approval. Share the approved plan to villagers.
47The structure of the village inclusive community based disaster risk management plan is developed as follows:
1. Overview of data regarding disasters in the village
2. Summary of VCA information
3. Operational diagram of a village DRM committee
Parts 4 to 6 are for saving lives of villagers
4. Overview of the village early warning and evacuation procedures
5. Detailed procedures of sub village early warning and evacuation
6. Priority list of early warning and evacuation
Parts 7 and 8 are for disaster reducing risk in the future
7. List of villagers in disaster prone areas who need to evacuate (by themselves)
8. Short, mid and long term plan for risk management
The overall information of natural disasters in the village is described by the following data:
No. |
Type of natural disaster |
Frequency of happening |
Time of natural disasters (based on past experience) |
Areas usually affected by disaster |
Damage of the last five years |
1 |
Flood |
2 times/year |
September |
Sub-village 2, 4, 5 |
Properties: 50 tons of rice and corn were soaked; 122 pigs were swept away Human beings: 36 villagers were injured when relocating their furniture |
2 |
Storm |
1-2 times/year (depends on the year) |
August, September |
All village |
Properties: 721 houses’ roofs were blown away; 235 houses collapsed Human beings: 4 people died |
A summary of VCA results is shown to help commune SCFSC to understand capabilities and weaknesses of the village and how it will be linked to the measures of implementation in following sessions.
The following is an example.
Strengths
- 10 high buildings for evacuation
- Village DRM committee has been trained on CBDRM
Weaknesses
- Lack of coordination from the head of the DRM committee during meeting in developing a village community based disaster risk management plan
- No public loudspeaker to give early warning to villagers
The operational diagram will show how members of village DRM committee collaborate with each other in Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM). Following is the template of how the operational diagram of one DRM committee can be presented.
The village DRM committee is facilitated by the head of the village committee. He will coordinate the head of sub-villages, head of rescue team, and head of village disability group who belong to the DRM committee to implement their tasks. These heads, upon receiving commands from the head of DRM committee, will facilitate their members to provide early warning and assist villagers in evacuation as planned. During implementation process, these heads also collaborate with each other to support fulfilling their tasks. If needed, they also ask the head of DRM committee for support. Once all the tasks are done, they will report the results of the implementation to the head of village committee.
Note: The head of disability group is responsible for helping representatives of people with disabilities of each sub-village to persuade other community group members to include needs of all persons with disabilities in their sub village in village DRM plan. This is a very important role for disability inclusive CBDRM. Therefore, this role should be taken by someone (desirably person with disability or a family member) who has a strong leadership and commitment for the inclusion of people with disabilities.
49This procedure framework will enable the village DRM committee to know exactly how to give early warning and organize evacuation for people who need assistance to evacuate and other general villagers in different situations.
Looking at this framework, the head of the village DRM committee and its members will know how many steps of evacuation there are and the target villagers who need evacuation when disaster happens.
Below is an example of how this framework can be organized at the village level.
Head of village committee will give the command to the sub-villages and head of rescue team.
1st evacuation: water is at 2nd alarm level (starting to come to rice field). It is forecasted that the water might reach 3rd alarm level
1. Give early warning for all villagers in public loudspeaker and release evacuation request of villagers in priority order.
2. Give early warning as mentioned in the priority list of early warning assistance.
3. Assist villagers in priority list of early evacuation assistance in evacuating and monitor general villagers in lowest land area to evacuate.
4. Report results of evacuations.
2nd evacuation: water is at 2nd alarm level (starting to come to rice field). It is forecasted that the water might exceed 3rd alarm level 0.5-1.5m
1. Give early warning for all villagers in village loudspeaker and release evacuation request following priority order.
2. Give early warning as mentioned in the priority list of early warning assistance.
3. Assist villagers in priority list of early evacuation assistance in evacuating.
4. Monitor evacuation of general villagers living in lowest and lower land area.
5. Report result of evacuations.
3rd evacuation: water is at 2nd alarm level (starting to come to rice field). It is forecasted that the water might exceed 3rd alarm level 2m
1. Give early warning for all villagers through village loudspeaker and release evacuation request following priority order.
2. Give early warning as mentioned in the priority list of early warning assistance.
3. Assist villagers in priority list during early evacuation.
4. Monitor evacuation of general villagers living in lowest, lower land area and other villagers in regular flood zones which are considered safe as part of the backup plan.
5. Report result of evacuations.
During and after evacuation
Search, rescue and give first aids. Ensure food, water, hygiene condition and assist people who need psychological support.
Note: Households who live in ‘lowest’, ‘lower’ and ‘other areas’ should be marked clearly in the hazard map. Therefore everyone in the village should know which level of warning they should act upon at the time of early warning.
50This detailed schema of early warning and early evacuation assistance enables each sub-village’s DRM committee members to know how to organize, step by step, early warning and evacuation in their area.
Below is an example.
Sub-village 1
Steps of implementation |
Person in charge |
Time of implementation |
Duration (minutes) |
Venue of implementation |
Phone number |
1. Ask members to give early warning to villagers in priority list and organize evacuation following priority order |
Vinh |
Right after receiving order from the head of community group |
3 minutes |
Personal house |
Vinh: 0913452253 |
2. Give early warning and evacuation assistance for villagers in priority lists |
Thanh, Dung |
Right after receiving order from the head of sub-village 1 |
15 minutes |
Houses of people in priority list of early warning and evacuation assistance |
Thanh: 0925550202 Dung: 01268165379 |
3. Report to Head of sub-village 1 on the evacuation of people in the priority list |
Thanh, Dung |
Right after finishing evacuation |
2 minutes |
Evacuation shelter |
Thanh: 0925550202 Dung: 01268165379 |
4. Monitor general villagers in low land areas to evacuate |
Than, Tuan, Hoa |
Right after receiving order from head of sub-village 1 |
7 minutes |
Houses of villagers in low land area |
Than: 0913515151 Tuan: 0913234501 Hoa: 0905152207 |
5. Report to Head of sub village 1 on the evacuation of general villagers |
Than, Tuan, Hoa |
Right after all villagers are evacuated |
2 minutes |
Evacuation shelters |
Than: 0913515151 Tuan: 0913234501 Hoa: 0905152207 |
6. Monitor villagers in back up plan to evacuate |
Thuan, Tien, Sau |
Right after receiving order from head of sub-village 1 |
15 minutes |
Houses of villagers in back up plan |
Thuan: 0903456511 Tien: 0903444214 Sau: 0903652261 |
7. Report to Head of sub-village 1 the evacuation of villagers in back up plan |
Thuan, Tien, Sau |
After finishing evacuation |
2 minutes |
Evacuation shelter |
Thuan: 0903456511 Tien: 0903444214 Sau: 0903652261 |
8. Search, rescue and give first aids. Check food, water, hygiene condition and assist people who need psychological support. |
Hung, Binh, Le, Ba |
After receiving order from head of sub-village 1 |
Work until finish |
Sub-village 1 |
Hung: 0913553421 Binh: 0905212243 Le: 0905238975 Ba: 0913675455 |
This priority list of early warning enables a village DRM committee to know which villagers should be given special assistance on early warning to make sure all villagers can access the early warnings on time and in a suitable way.
51The list of early warning assistance made by people with disabilities is integrated into this village list.
Below is an example.
No. |
Name |
Sub village |
Reasons for assistance |
Way of assistance |
Person in charge and duration of assistance |
1 |
Bui Thi Toi
|
3 |
Elderly, cannot hear very well, live in low land area and far away from public loudspeaker |
Come to house directly to give early warning |
Hung (7minutes) |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Het
|
1 |
Person with intellectual impairment, live in low land area and far away from public loudspeaker. Family is often away during the day. |
Come to house directly to give early warning (for family member) |
Tung (5 minutes) |
This priority list of early evacuation assistance enables a village DRM committee to know who should be given special assistance on evacuation to make sure those vulnerable villagers can evacuate early and safely. The list of early evacuation assistance made by people with disabilities is integrated into this village list.
Below is an example.
No. |
Name |
Sub-village |
Reasons for assistance |
Way of assistance |
Venue |
Person in charge and duration of evacuation |
1 |
Le Thi Hoa
|
1 |
Seriously sick, cannot move on her own |
Carry by motorbike or stretcher by two people |
Minh’s house (neighbor house very nearby) |
Thanh, Dung and family member (8 minutes) |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Thuan
|
2 |
Person with physical impairment cannot move by herself. |
Carry on rescue team member’s back. Family to carry the wheelchair |
Second floor of Thuan’s house |
Tuan, Sinh (3 minutes) |
This list enables a village DRM committee to know how many villagers (including their names) in low land area in each sub village could evacuate without assistance. By utilizing this list, the DRM committee can find suitable evacuation shelters for their villagers and prepare for that before disaster comes.
Below is an example.
Total |
Name |
Evacuation point |
Monitoring person |
15 households |
Hung, Diep, Tuan, Trung, Bui, Ngoc, Nho, Phao, Toi, Ba, Hưng, Khoi, Quy, Hai, Va |
Dong Phuoc Pagoda |
Hai, Hoa, Linh |
5 households |
Thuc, Sinh, Viet, Tuan, Hoa |
Village Community House |
Phuong |
A backup plan is used when floodwater is much higher than the previous years and people living in highland areas can also be affected. Therefore, this list includes households living in highland areas and might need evacuation. With this plan, the DRM committee can also prepare, in the worst case scenario, for those villagers to evacuate.
Below is an example.
Total |
Name of household |
Evacuation shelter |
Person in charge |
Sub village 3 |
|||
7 households |
Buoi, Hoa, Hung, Tin, Nhan, Hue, Tung |
Commune People’s Committee |
Tuyet, Son |
10 households |
Nhan, Tu, Nhung, Nhan, Trinh, Su, Mo, Quang, Thuc, Lai |
Village Pagoda |
Tuan, Khoi |
The plan for risk management will include:
• Short-term actions: immediate actions that are normally implemented on day to day or a weekly basis.
• Medium-term actions: actions that are normally implemented from a year to five years.
• Long-term actions: actions that required a long duration of time to implement (beyond 5 years).
Below are examples:
No. Item |
Dangers |
Solutions |
Implementing Person |
Time of implementation |
Funding source |
1 Short Term |
Drainage system is filled with rubbish |
- Clean the system |
Villagers |
Before rainy season |
0 |
2 Mid Term |
Road to village evacuation shelter is broken |
- Ask support from commune PC - Rebuild the road |
Head of village DRM committee Villagers |
- 2 Oct 2013 - Implement as soon as the PC can support budget |
To be calculated by commune PC |
3 Long Term |
35 villagers (sub-group 5) live in land slide area (by the river) |
- Build river embankment |
District People’s Committee |
As soon as budget is allocated |
District People’s Committee |
(See Appendix 7 the whole village DRM plan)
Without active and effective participation of people with disabilities and family members in the planning meetings, their problems and their needs would not be fulfilled properly. Therefore, the plan cannot be called inclusive.
In order to enable people with disabilities and their family members to participate actively and effectively in the planning meetings, facilitators should heed the following advice:
53Before the representatives of people with disabilities attend the village meetings for making village community based disaster risk management plan, ask them to review their VCA results and assist them to prepare for their presentation in advance.
Explain to the participants in the beginning of the meeting that disaster risk management plan is for all people and therefore effective participation of all villagers including people with disabilities is needed in the process of developing the plan.
Remind the village participants about the concept of ‘inclusion‘ in the beginning and during the meeting when needed.
Calm down dominant villagers who do not want to listen to or refuse the opinions of the representatives of people with disabilities.
Help the representatives of people with disabilities to protect their reasonable needs until they are integrated into the plan.
Performing evacuation drills is one of the activities requested in the Project 1002: “Organizing an annual evacuation drill in the community” * 10 .
The purposes of performing an evacuation drill include:
• Building the capabilities of the members of the DRM committee, and rescue teams in the evacuation and rescue of villagers
54• Collecting opinions of villagers on the evacuation plan
• Evaluating the suitability of the village early warning and early evacuation assistance procedures mentioned in the draft plan.
• Revising the village disaster risk management plan to make it more suitable before finalizing and submitting it to the commune PC for approval (if necessary).
Ideally, there are two steps of implementing drills of evacuation.
Participants:
• Village DRM committee
• Rescue team
• Villagers in the priority list (persons with disabilities and their families)
• Representative of commune SCFSC and technical assistance group
Purpose:
• To finalize priority list of people who need assistance on early warning and evacuation
• To revise the process of early warning and early evacuation for people who need assistance on evacuation
Participants:
• Village DRM committee
• Rescue team
• All villagers
• Representative of commune SCFSC and the technical assistant group
Purpose:
• To revise inclusive village disaster risk management plan
In order to perform an evacuation drill, it’s necessary to follow the tips below:
1. Develop a scenario of the drill based on the priority list of early warning and evacuation
2. Perform drill (being monitored by commune SCFSC, technical assistant group, rescue team members and villagers)
3. Do evaluation of the drill (by villagers who participated in the drill, village DRM committee, SCFSC and technical assistance group)
4. Revise the priority list of early warning and evacuation, and its implementation mechanism in the draft (if necessary)
55Purpose: It’s necessary to do monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the drills so that the village DRM committee can learn from the drills to check the feasibility of the early warning and early evacuation framework mentioned in the plan.
• Representative of SCFSC & the technical group from commune level (including representatives of people with disabilities)
• Rescue team members
• Villagers
• Operational skill of the drill by the Head of the DRM committee
• Cooperation among members when they are acting
• Suitability of methods and means of assistance used by the rescue team for people in the priority list
• First aid skills of the rescue team
For 1st evacuation drill:
• Rescue team collects feedback from people with disabilities and other people in the priority list of early evacuation.
• DRM committee head organizes a meeting with the members, commune SCFSC and the technical group representatives to collect feedback about the evacuation drill and revise the mechanism of early warning and evacuation for the people in the priority lists if necessary.
For 2nd evacuation drill:
• Rescue team collects feedback from people with disabilities and other people in the priority list of early evacuation assistance.
• Head of DRM committee organizes a meeting with general villagers for their feedback
• Head of DRM committee organizes a meeting with the members, commune SCFSC and the technical group representatives to collect feedback about the evacuation drill and revise the plan if necessary.
Page 46
*9) Guideline on implementation of the Project 1002 “Community raising awareness and Community based Disaster Risk Management” issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Page 53
*10) Activity in component 2 of Project 1002
56The primary purpose of this inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan is about saving lives, and secondly, to reduce future risks.
An inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan is important as it helps villagers to prepare actively in advance for effectively responding to disaster.
This results in the reduction of risks that can be caused by disaster.
The active and meaningful participation of villagers including people with disabilities in development of the inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan will ensure the inclusion of their needs and capacity in the village plan.
Helping village stakeholders and people with disabilities to understand correctly the concept of inclusion is the first step that should be done before bringing them together to make an inclusive village disaster risk management plan.
Regular drills of evacuation are essential for the inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan to function effectively.
Have you?
Checked VCA information collected?
Checked the accessibility of the venue of meetings?
Reminded the village stakeholders to prepare suitable seating arrangements for participants with disabilities?
Prepared stationery and other assisting equipments such as large-sized papers, and markers so that participants with disabilities can join in activities effectively?
Printed or written a template of the inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan in a large size font so that everyone can see it?
Asked the representative of people with disabilities to review their VCA results and assist them to prepare for their presentation before attending the village meetings for making the inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan?
57Every year, before the rainy season, the commune SCFSC and PC organize a meeting with the flood and storm committee of all the villages in their commune. In this meeting, all villages evaluate their implementation of the community based disaster risk management plan of the previous year. Then, they discuss about community based disaster risk management plans for the current year at a village and commune level.
The commune community based disaster risk management plan includes information about the village plans, with special emphasis on the evacuation section. In addition, it mentions the tasks of other relevant divisions at the commune level in preparing for disaster response under the coordination of the commune SCFSC and their suggestions to the district SCFSC and PC for additional assistance.
The integration of a village plan into a commune plan is important as it helps the commune to manage and coordinate activities of disaster response between villages in their commune. It also helps the village to remain active in disaster risk reduction in their village with additional financial and technical assistance from the commune level. In the guidelines for implementing Project 1002, this activity is also mentioned as an integral element for sustainability of the overall plan * 11 .
As everyone can benefit from additional assistance from commune PC in disaster risk reduction, it is important to seriously consider the needs and potential of people with disabilities and how to include them effectively in the process of planning and implementation.
58Review the approved inclusive village community based disaster risk management plan
Collect, classify and arrange priority requests for additional assistance of all villages according to the commune SCFSC’s criteria and commune plan’s specific solutions
Develop draft inclusive commune community based disaster risk management plan including the reasonable requests of the villages
Submit the draft of the commune community based disaster risk management plan to the President of the PC and Head of the SCFSC for prior consideration before meeting with commune stakeholders. Share the approved plan for relevant stakeholders.
Note:
• Main aim of representatives of people with disabilities is to convey and support the requests of people with disabilities at the village level to the commune People’s Committee to consider.
• Some requests which cannot be integrated into the commune community based disaster risk management plan should be noted by the technical groups to be integrated into the Social Economic Development Plan (SEDP).
Representatives of the Technical Group of the commune SCFSC present draft commune community based disaster risk management plan
Village DRM committee and other relevant commune stakeholders give comments (including representatives of people with disabilities)
President of PC / Head of SCFSC considers and makes decisions on the contents of the draft commune community based disaster risk management plan with the agreement of all participants
Perform evacuation drill with all villages to check the commune community based disaster risk management plan
Evaluate the evacuation drill
Revise the commune community based disaster risk management plan based on results of the drill
Submit the commune community based disaster risk management plan to the district People’s Committee for approval
59
Representatives of people with disabilities who are members of the commune technical group attend the meeting to:
• Assist people with disabilities from the village in advocacy/persuading the commune PC until the reasonable needs of people with disabilities from the village are integrated into the commune plan.
• Know what to monitor after the meeting to ensure the disability inclusive activity in CBDRM assisted by the SCFSC and PC is performed properly.
Representatives of people with disabilities (selected to be members of the village DRM committee) attend the meeting to:
• Present, and advocate to the President of the PC and SCFSC to include the needs of the people with disabilities in the commune disaster risk management plan.
• Monitor the disability inclusion process in the commune community based disaster risk management plan
• Monitor commitment level of the commune SCFSC in including the needs of people with disabilities in the commune plan.
60Note:
• Representatives of people with disabilities could be DPO members or a person who have experience in advocacy for the rights of people with disabilities.
• Assisting does not mean replacing/representing the village people with disabilities to raise their issues.
• Before the meeting, the representatives should know all of the needs of people with disabilities at the village level that should be raised in the meeting.
The inclusive village community-based disaster risk management plan contains very detailed information of village activities related to disaster risk reduction. Therefore, the inclusive commune community based disaster risk management plan does not have to mention all disability inclusive information written in the village plan. It is recommended to consider integrating the following:
Any reasonable requests including the needs of persons with disabilities that cannot be resolved by the village authority due to a lack of resources should be supported by the commune plan
For example: The only evacuation road to a public evacuation shelter is broken. The village needs additional financial assistance from the People’s Committee to rebuild the road together with their limited resources available.
As mentioned in Project 1002, there are two plans that the commune level will develop in relation to disaster risk reduction:
Annual community plan on prevention, control and management of disaster risk (Activity 2.5 of Project 1002)
Example:
- Improve accessibility of evacuation shelters by making simple ramps.
- Improve early warning system to be accessible for all people with disabilities and other villagers by using visualized means (example: flags).
(Simple activities can be implemented by available budget for disaster preparedness activities allocated to commune PC)
Annual social economic development plan (SEDP) integrating the plan on prevention, control and management of disaster risk (Activity 2.6 of the Project 1002)
Example:
- Build public evacuation shelter ensuring accessibility for people with disabilities.
(Activities require additional budget from district or provincial level)
61The integration of disability-related aspects, therefore, should be considered by the President of the PC and SCFSC when they are developing these two commune plans, to make sure all the reasonable needs of people with disabilities are considered and integrated by the commune People’s Committee. The People’s Committee President will decide which requests for additional assistance of villages should be integrated into 1) Community based Disaster risk management plan or 2) SEDP (see details in the coming guideline of MARD for this section).
In order to help a commune PC to consider integrating disability-related aspects into the commune plans, it is necessary to:
• Organize awareness-raising workshops for relevant staff and decision makers in the commune People’s Committee about “Disability inclusion in Community-Based Disaster Risk Management, including the planning process”. It can be a separate workshop or can be included as one of the training sessions under the framework of activities for Project 1002.
• Select representatives of people with disabilities to be members of the commune SCFSC and the technical group. In addition to having disability inclusive knowledge, this person should also be trained on Community-Based Disaster Risk Management and Disaster Risk Reduction in order to be capable of advising the PC to implement Project 1002.
• The representatives of people with disabilities at the commune level should be active in assisting the needs of people with disabilities at the village level and properly advising the PC’s decision makers in proposing solutions related to disability inclusion for the village level such as improving accessibility in evacuation shelters.
• Organize planning meetings at commune level with a participatory method in order to ensure effective participation of people with disabilities from the villages.
• District representatives of people with disabilities such as DPO members should monitor and support commune representatives to implement their tasks and help promote their role at the commune level.
Page 57
*11) See page 67 Main content section of the Guideline on implementation of the Project 1002 “Community raising awareness and Community based Disaster Risk Management” issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
62Awareness-raising and building capability training workshops on disability inclusive CBDRM are absolutely essential for the stakeholders and decision-makers prior to the planning stage. This step helps to reduce the barriers during the inclusive community based disaster risk management planning meeting.
Presence of representatives of people with disabilities at both village and commune level is important in protecting the reasonable needs of people with disabilities, and advocating for additional support from the commune People’s Committee.
Representatives of the district DPO (in the district SCFSC) to monitor and support the commune DPO in implementation of their tasks is very crucial.
Have you?
Gone through the approved inclusive village community based disaster risk management plans and highlighted the needs which require assistance from the commune People’s Committee?
Set disability inclusive criteria for prioritizing village requests for assistance to be included in the commune plans?
Noted the needs that should be integrated into the SEDP later?
Submitted the draft inclusive commune community based disaster risk management plan to the President of the People’s Committee for consideration before organizing meetings with village DRM committees and other relevant stakeholders?
Considered and selected the most accessible venue for the meeting or prepared assistance for people who need help?
Sent invitation letters to all village DRM committee members (considering suitable ways of informing some representatives of people with disabilities that cannot read) of each village about the planning meeting?
Prepared suitable seating arrangements in consideration of those using wheel chairs?
Prepared assistants for people with visual impairment?
Prepared suitable materials or sign interpreters (if needed) for deaf people?
Developed an inclusive Monitoring and Evaluation plan to ensure that the inclusive commune disaster risk management plan is conducted properly?
63Commune: (for example: Dien Tho commune)
No. |
Content |
Village: (for example: Phong Thu 1) |
1 |
Number of households |
For example: 300 households |
2 |
Number of inhabitants |
- |
2.1 |
In which, number of female |
- |
2.2 |
In which, number of male |
- |
3 |
Number of sub village |
- |
4 |
Number of households with people with disabilities |
- |
5 |
Number of households with more than 1 person with disabilities |
- |
6 |
Number of people with disabilities |
- |
6.1 |
In which, number of female |
- |
6.2 |
In which, number of male |
- |
6.3 |
In which, number of children with disabilities |
- |
6.4 |
In which, number of old people with disabilities |
- |
6.5 |
Number of people with hearing impairment? |
In which, number of adults: Number of children: |
6.6 |
Number of people with intellectual impairment? |
In which, number of adults: Number of children: |
6.7 |
Number of people with mental impairment? |
In which, number of adults: Number of children: |
6.8 |
Number of people with physical impairment? |
In which, number of adults: Number of children: |
6.9 |
Number of people with disabilities above 18 years old |
- |
6.10 |
Number of people with disabilities under 18 years old |
- |
7 |
School enrollment of people with disabilities above 18 years old |
- |
7.1 |
Number of people with disabilities enrolled in school |
- |
7.2 |
Number of people with disabilities not enrolled in school |
- |
8 |
School enrollment of children with disabilities from 7- 18 years old |
- |
8.1 |
Number of children with disabilities enrolled and currently staying in school |
- |
8.2 |
Number of children with disabilities never enrolled in school |
- |
8.3 |
Number of children with disabilities who had enrolled in school but dropped out |
- |
(Information collected from the questions below helps VCA facilitators to know which persons with disabilities really face difficulties in disaster. This information will be helpful for VCA facilitators when making priority list of early warning and evacuation assistance).
Difficulties in accessing information
(1) Can you hear announcement from a loudspeaker near your house?
(2) Can you see TV or newspaper, or any mobile text messages to tell you about early warning of disaster?
Difficulties in movement
(3) Can you see an object 5m in front of you to walk safely alone? (or with a cane)
(4) Can you go to evacuation shelter alone? (by walking or through own way of transport)
(5) Can you go to evacuation shelter if you are assisted by somebody (assisted-walk or pushed wheelchair)?
(6) Can you only go to evacuation shelter through being carried by more than one person?
Difficulties in understanding information and making decision to evacuate
(7) Can you tell me what to do when storm and flood comes?
(8) Can you tell me who you evacuate with when storm and flood come?
(9) Can you tell me where you would evacuate to when storm and flood come?
65
No. |
Full name |
Age |
Gender |
School enrollment |
Type of impairment and related difficulties |
Sub-groups |
Potential hazards |
Living conditions |
Capability of care takers for assisting evacuation |
1 |
Le Thi Lan |
21 |
Female |
Enrolled in school |
Visual: completely unable to see, need assistance for mobilization |
2 |
Lowest area of the village |
Not a strong house |
Care takers can evacuate |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Ti |
15 |
Female |
Not enrolled in school |
Physical: able to walk, no need of assistance for mobilization |
2 |
Lowest area of the village |
Strong house with second floor |
Care takers can evacuate, if needed |
3 |
Bui Van Hien |
31 |
Male |
Not enrolled in school |
Physical: able to walk, no need of assistance for mobilization |
5 |
High- lying area of the village |
Not a strong house |
Care takers can evacuate, if needed |
4 |
Nguyen Van Tung |
46 |
Male |
Enrolled in school |
Physical: unable to walk, need assistance for mobilization |
3 |
Land-slide-prone area of the village |
Not a strong house |
Care takers cannot evacuate, need additional assistance |
5 |
Le Thi Sen |
37 |
Female |
Illiterate |
Intellectual: able to understand other people, no need of decision making and information accessing |
4 |
High- lying area of the village |
Normal house |
Care takers can evacuate |
1. How did you receive early warning?
- I receive early warning through village loudspeaker.
2. When did you receive early warning?
- I receive early warning when water comes up to my door.
3. How did you evacuate?
- My parents carried me to my uncle house by boat.
66
No. |
Questions |
Answers |
1 |
Are there any rivers or streams around the village? If yes, where are they? What is the current flow? |
- |
2 |
How many bridges are there in the village? Where? What are their conditions? |
- |
3 |
Are there any strong two-storey houses that can be shelters in case of flood? Where? How many villagers each house can accommodate? (ask each house) |
- |
4 |
Where are the houses of village head, vice-head, sub-village head, etc? |
- |
5 |
Is there a rescue team? Where are the rescuers’ houses? |
- |
6 |
Where are your houses? (Ask each person with disabilities and help them to stick their house symbols corresponding to their kind of impairments and difficulties on the map. Make sure they identify house location correctly) |
- |
7 |
Does the village have early warning tools such as loud speakers? If yes, where are they located? What are their conditions? When does the village make use of hand speakers, drums…? |
- |
8 |
What area in the village cannot access to public early warning? Why? |
- |
9 |
Where are the disaster-prone areas in the village? By landslide? Why? By flooding (lowest and highest level). Why? What is the flood flow? |
- |
10 |
What are your potential dangers during evacuation besides your disabilities? (e.g. weak bridge, pothole on roads, rigorous running flood water…) |
- |
11 |
How do you (people with disabilities living in areas far off from loud speaker) want to be informed of floods? (Ask one by one) and why? |
- |
12 |
Which households that family members cannot manage evacuation on their own and need additional assistance in evacuation? Why do you need assistance? |
- |
13 |
Where do you want to evacuate to? (Ask one by one). Why do you select this place? |
- |
14 |
What is the most convenient road for evacuation? Why? |
- |
15 |
What is the most convenient means of evacuation? Why? |
- |
Questionnaire of household interview (example for flood and storm situation).
I. General information of person with disabilities interviewed:
- Full name:
- Gender:
- Age:
- Impairment:
- Name of interviewer:
- Village:
- Family member’s name:
- Relation to person with disability:
II. Content: (friendly talk/icebreakers before starting)
1. Who do you live with?
2. How many members are there in your family?
3. What are the frequent kinds of disaster which affected you?
- Flood
- Storm
- Others (please specify)
4. Have you ever received early warning?
- Yes
- No
5. If yes, how did you receive early warning?
- Through village loudspeaker
- Through village stakeholders who come directly to your house to inform
- Through mobile text message
- Others (please specify)
686. Did you evacuate when disaster come?
- Yes
- No
(If yes, continue with question number 7 – 12; if no, continue question 13)
7. Did you go to evacuation shelter alone? (by walk or own way of transport)
- Yes
- No
8. If no, can you tell me who you evacuated with?
- Parents
- Sister/brothers
- Rescue team members
- Others (please specify)
9. Can you tell me when you evacuated?
10. Can you tell me where you evacuated?
- Neighbor’s house
- Relative’s house
- Public village evacuation house
- Others (please specify)
11. Did you have any difficulties when you evacuated?
- Yes
- No
12. If yes, what are your difficulties?
6913. If you did not evacuate, why?
14. Do you regularly participate in village meeting for making community based disaster risk management plan with other villagers?
- Yes
- No
15. If no, why?
16. If yes, what did you usually do to make your needs known by members of the village DRM committee?
17. Are your needs in disaster addressed in the village community based disaster risk management plan?
- Yes
- No
Other notes taken by interviewers:
70I. General information about the evacuation drill:
Name of village:
Commune
District
Date of implementation:
Venue of implementation:
Monitoring people:
Organization:
Number of villagers attended:
Number of people with disabilities attended:
II. Detailed monitoring of the evacuation drill:
No. |
Contents of monitoring |
Level of evaluation 1: Very bad 2: Bad 3: Average 4: Good 5: Very good |
Reasons for the evaluation |
1 |
Sending request of provision for early warning and evacuation: |
- |
- |
1.1 |
From Head of village DRM committee to Head of sub villages |
For example: 5 |
For example: The requests sent were clear and precise. |
1.2 |
From Head of sub villages to members |
- |
- |
2 |
Providing early warning to villagers |
- |
- |
2.1 |
Providing early warning assistance following priority list |
- |
- |
2.2 |
Method of assistance for early warning to people in the priority list |
- |
- |
2.3 |
Providing early warning on public loudspeaker |
- |
- |
3 |
Evacuation |
- |
- |
3.1 |
Provision of assistance of evacuation following priority list |
- |
- |
3.2 |
Method of assistance of villagers in the priority list |
- |
- |
3.3 |
Monitoring of evacuation of general villagers |
- |
- |
3.4 |
Cooperation of members in evacuation |
- |
- |
3.5 |
Participation of villagers in the drill |
- |
- |
4 |
Report of results of evacuation |
- |
- |
4.1 |
From the members to Head of sub-villages |
- |
- |
4.2 |
From Head of sub-villages to Head of DRM committee |
- |
- |
5 |
Provision of first aids and rescue |
- |
- |
5.1 |
Assignment of tasks of head of rescue team |
- |
- |
5.2 |
Collaboration among the members |
- |
- |
5.3 |
Skills of first aids |
- |
- |
5.4 |
Skills of rescue |
- |
- |
Overall evaluation of villagers on the drill:
71October 2013
721. General background of village 73
2. Disaster background of village 73
3. Summary of village strengths and weaknesses toward disaster response 73
4. Organizational structure of DRM committee 75
5. Village procedures in early warning and evacuation 76
6. Sub-group procedures in early warning and evacuation 77
6.1. Sub- village 1 77
6.2. Sub-village 2 77
6.3. Sub-village 3 78
6.4. Sub-village 4 79
6.5. Sub-village 5 80
7. Priority list of early warning 81
8. Priority list of evacuation 82
9. List of households in low area to evacuate 83
10. Risk mitigation plan 84
11. Annex of the village plan 85
11.1. Name list of DRM committee 85
11.2. Name list of rescue team 86
11.3. Tasks should be done pre- post rainy seasons 87
a. By head of DRM committee and rescue team 87
b. By members 88
73• Number of households: 386
• Number of citizens: 1662
• Number of sub-villages: 9
No. |
Type of disasters |
Frequency |
Timeline |
Affected areas |
Damages in the last 2 years |
1 |
Whirlwind accompanied by rain |
1-3 times/year |
April (lunar calendar) |
Whole village |
Properties: The roofs of 3 houses get blown-up and light damage to crops (2010) People: No one affected |
2 |
Storm |
Frequent |
August – October (lunar calendar) |
Whole village |
Properties: The roofs of 9 houses get blown up, 1 house collapsed, 100 banana and 80 jackfruit trees destroyed People: No one affected |
3 |
Floods |
2-4 times/year, Frequent |
August – October (lunar calendar) |
Lowest areas: 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 |
Properties: Make 4-5 tons of rice wet, swept away 5-7 pigs People: No one affected |
In terms of early warning |
|
Strengths:
|
Weaknesses:
|
In terms of evacuation |
|
Strengths:
|
Weaknesses:
|
Dong Hanh village DRM committee is headed by Mr Luom. In case of disasters, Mr Luom will coordinate heads of 4 sub-groups (particularly Mr Sang, Mr Hen, Mr Dung, Mr Phuoc, Mr Cho), head of rescue team (Mr Quoi) and head of disability group (including Mr Thanh and Mr Anh) to implement their tasks. These heads then will facilitate their members to provide early warning and assist villagers in evacuation as planned. They also collaborate with each other to fulfill the tasks when needed. Once the tasks are done, the members report results to the heads. Then, finally, the heads will report result of implementation of their group to Mr Luom.
The general village framework shows the coordination among members of the DRM committee and rescue team in providing the early warning and evacuation assistance, number of evacuation scenarios and number of villagers to be evacuated.
Particularly, in different evacuation situations, Head of the village DRM committee, Luom will give the command to the following heads of sub-villages.
Head of sub-group 1: Sang (Sub-village 1 and half of sub-village 2)
Head of sub-group 2: Hien (half of sub-village 2 and 4)
Head of sub-group 3: Dung (sub-village 3 and 5)
Head of sub-group 4: Phuoc (sub-village 6 and 7)
Head of sub-group 5: Cho (sub-village 8 and 9)
Head of rescue team: Quoi
On receiving the commands, these sub-village heads will implement the following steps as clearly explained as below
Evacuation situation 1: the flooding water rises at alarm level 1 (in sub-village 5) and 2 (in other sub-villages), about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3
1. Head of village DRM committee informs villagers of flooding on loud speakers and release evacuation request for villagers in priority list of evacuation assistance and households living in the lowest areas.
2. Members of sub groups give early warning to 93 households in early warning priority list and evacuation assistance for 2 villagers listed in priority evacuation list. Report results of evacuation.
3. Members of sub groups monitor evacuation of 11 general villagers and report results of evacuation.
Evacuation situation 2: the flooding water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may excess alarm level 3 (about 1.5 m)
1. Head of village DRM committee informs villagers of flooding on loud speakers and release evacuation request for villagers in priority list of evacuation assistance and households living in the lowest areas.
2. Members of sub groups give early warning to 93 households in early warning priority list and evacuation assistance for 2 villagers listed in evacuation priority list. Report results of evacuation.
3. Members of sub groups monitor evacuation of 37 general villagers and report results of evacuation.
Evacuation situation 3: the flooding water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 2.5 m)
1. Head of village DRM committee informs villagers of flooding on loud speakers and release evacuation request for villagers in priority list of evacuation assistance and households living in the lowest areas.
2. Members of sub groups give early warning to 93 households in early warning priority list and evacuation assistance for 2 villagers listed in evacuation priority list.
3. Members of sub groups monitor evacuation of 37 general villagers and report results of evacuations.
4. Members of sub groups monitor evacuation of 170 general villagers in backup plan (to be integrated in commune plan).
Note: Rescue team members search, rescue and give first aids during and after evacuations
77
No. |
Steps |
Person in charge |
Timeframe |
Location |
Phone number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning as in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Toi, Chuan, Het |
Phung |
8 minutes |
To houses of Toi, Chuan, Het |
Phung: 0935328679 |
- |
32 households away from loud speaker in sub-village1 |
Sang |
15 minutes |
At 32 houses of sub-village 1 |
Sang: 01223198977 |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning as to those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Toi, Chuan, Het |
Phung |
8 minutes |
To houses of Toi, Chuan, Het |
Phung 0935328679 |
- |
32 households away from loud speaker in sub-village1 |
Sang |
15 minutes |
At 32 houses of sub-village 1 |
Sang 01223198977 |
2 |
Monitor evacuation of Thoi, Trong (sub-group1) |
Sang |
10 minutes |
To house of Huong |
Sang 01223198977 |
No. |
Steps |
Person in charge |
Timeframe |
Location |
Phone number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning and assist evacuation of houses of Tien and Hoa, Tuoi and Hai (sub-village 2) |
Thanh, Dung |
18 minutes |
House of Tien and Hoa |
Thanh 01268480297 Dung 01268165379 |
2 |
Provide early warning to those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Tap and Nhi (sub-village 2) |
Phung |
5 minutes |
At houses of Tap and Nhi |
Phung 0935328679 |
- |
5 households off from loud speaker in sub-village 4 – Lang, Phong, Hoa, Men, Den |
Quoi |
2 minutes |
5 houses of sub-village 2 |
Quoi 01288531954 |
3 |
Monitor evacuation of Duoc (sub-village 4), Thuy, Hien (sub-village 2) |
Thao |
10 minutes |
To houses of Thao, Tuan |
Thao 01666352894 |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may excess alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning for those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Tap and Nhi (sub-village 2) |
Phung |
5 minutes |
At houses of Tap and Nhi |
Phung 0935328679 |
- |
5 households away from loud speaker in sub-village 4 – Lang, Phong, Hoa, Men, Den (1 household to evacuate) |
Quoi |
2 minutes |
5 houses of sub-village 2 |
Quoi 01288531954 |
2 |
Monitoring evacuation |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Trong, Thoi, Tuyet (sub-village 2), Mai, Mien (sub-village 4) |
Thanh |
10 minutes |
To houses of Thuy, Long, Tuong, B.Doi |
Thanh 01268480297 |
- |
On (sub-village 2) |
Thao |
10 minutes |
To house of Tuong |
Thao 01666352894 |
- |
Hoa (sub-village 2) |
Quoi |
5 minutes |
To house of My |
Quoi 01288531954 |
No. |
Steps |
Person in charge |
Timeframe |
Location |
Phone number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning for those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Ty and Ngoc (sub-village 5) |
Be |
10 minutes |
At houses of Ty and Ngoc |
Be 01636796160 |
- |
20 households away from loud speaker in sub-village 5 |
Be, Thoi |
10 minutes |
At 20 houses of sub-village 5 |
Be 01636796160 Thoi 0935724108 |
2 |
Monitor evacuation of Am, Luc, Chi (sub-village 5) |
Dung |
10 minutes |
To houses of Hai, Doi, Lai |
Dung 01268165379 |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning as in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Ty and Ngoc (sub-village 5) |
Be |
10 minutes |
At houses of Ty and Ngoc |
Be 01636796160 |
- |
20 households away from loud speaker in sub-village 5 (3 households to evacuate) |
Be, Thoi |
10 minutes |
At 20 houses of sub-village 5 |
Be 01636796160 Thoi 0935724108 |
2 |
Monitor evacuation |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Xe (sub-village 5) |
Thoi |
5 minutes |
To house of Mai |
Thoi 0935724108 |
- |
Cuc, Minh (Sub-village 5) |
Be |
5 minutes |
To Gia, Be |
Be 01636796160 |
No. |
Steps |
Person in charge |
Timeframe |
Location |
Phone number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
|||||
1 |
Assist evacuation of: Thuan, Sau Ly, Sen |
Hay Cho, Khanh |
17 minutes |
To the garret To village house |
Hay 01694251965 Cho 0905223432 Khanh 0913876676 |
2 |
Provide early warning for those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Khe, Cong, Dung (sub-village7 – no evacuation) |
Ro |
10 minutes |
At houses of Khe, Cong, Dung |
Ro 0908191744 |
- |
27 houses away from loud speaker in sub-village 7 (no evacuation) |
Hay, Ro |
15 minutes |
At 27 houses of sub-village 7 |
Hay 01694251965 Ro 0908191744 |
3 |
Monitor evacuation of Lieu (sub-village 6) |
Phuoc |
5 minutes |
To house of Lap |
Phuoc 01673469523 |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning for those in priority list |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
27 houses away from loud speaker in sub-village 7 (6 houses to evacuate) |
Hay, Ro |
15 minutes |
At 27 houses of sub-village 7 |
Hay 01694251965 Ro 0908191744 |
2 |
Monitor evacuation |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Sam, My, Khoi, Van Anh (sub-village 6) |
Hay |
20 minutes |
To houses of Bon, Hong, Thang, Lap |
Hay 01694251965 |
- |
Thuy, Tan Anh, Trang (sub-village 7) |
Ro |
10 minutes |
To houses of Thao, Tho |
Ro 0908191744 |
- |
Nam, Cong, Tu (sub-village 7) |
Anh |
10minutes |
To houses of Truong, Son |
Anh 01668597266 |
No. |
Steps |
Person in charge |
Timeframe |
Location |
Phone number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
|||||
1 |
Provide early warning for those in priority list _Tri and Tuong (sub-village 8) |
Yen |
7 minutes |
At house of Tri and Tuong |
Yen 01213542161 |
2 |
Monitor evacuation |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Khang, Tri, Tuong, Co (sub-village 8) |
Yen |
10 minutes |
To houses of Nghiem, Cuc |
Yen 01213542161 |
- |
Lang, Hoa (sub-village 9), Dang (sub-village 8) |
Minh |
10 minutes |
To houses of Van, Tinh, Thang |
Yen 01205996678 |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
|||||
1 |
Monitor evacuation |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Mua, Tinh (sub-village 8) |
Tin |
10 minutes |
To house of Nghiem |
Tin 0913776532 |
- |
Bien, Cuc (sub-village 9) |
Minh |
10 minutes |
To houses of Thanh, Loc |
Minh 01205996678 |
The list is designated for people who cannot access information from the village loudspeakers (due to living far away, low hearing capability or hearing impairment, intellectual and mental impairment) and live in low areas. Priority order is set upon those living in low areas.
No. |
Full name |
Sub-village |
Reasons for priority warning |
Method |
Person in charge and time of implementing |
Sub- village 1 |
|||||
1 |
Bui Thi Toi and Tran Cong Chuan |
1 |
Hard hearing, living far from loud speaker |
At house of Tri and Tuong |
Phung– 4 minutes |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Het |
1 |
Mental impairment and living far from loud speaker |
Coming to house to inform family member |
Phung – 4 minutes |
3 |
Other 32 households |
1 |
Far from loud speaker |
Warning orally on the street of 32 households |
Sang – 15 minutes |
Sub-village 2 |
|||||
1 |
Do Thi Tap |
2 |
Elderly, living alone and hard of hearing |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Phung – 2 minutes |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Nhi |
2 |
Elderly, living alone and hard of hearing |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Phung – 3 minutes |
Sub-village 4 |
|||||
1 |
5 households (Lang, Den, Men, Phong, Hoa) |
4 |
Not hearing loud speaker due to crowded trees |
Warning orally on the street of 5 households |
Quoi – 2 minutes |
Sub-village 5 |
|||||
1 |
Nguyen Thi Kim Ngoc |
5 |
Hard of hearing, far from loud speaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Be – 5 minutes |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Ty |
5 |
Intellectual impairment, far from loud speaker |
Coming directly to house to inform family member |
Be – 5 minutes |
3 |
20 other households |
5 |
Living far from loud speaker |
Warning orally on the street of 20 households |
Thoi, Be – 10 minutes |
Sub- village 7 |
|||||
1 |
Tang Khe |
7 |
Physical impairment, living far from loud speaker and very near river banks |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Ro – 3 minutes |
2 |
Le Van Cong |
7 |
Visual impairment, living far from loud speaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Ro – 3 minutes |
3 |
Tang Thi Thuy Dung |
7 |
Physical impairment, living far from loud speaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Ro – 4 minutes |
4 |
Other 25 households |
7 |
Living far from loud speaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Ro, Hay – 15 minutes |
Sub-village 8 |
|||||
1 |
Ta Thi Tuong |
8 |
Visual impairment, hard of hearing, living in low area and far away from loudspeaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Yen – 3 minutes |
2 |
Nguyen Thi Tri |
8 |
Hard hearing, living in low area and far away from loudspeaker |
Coming directly to house to inform |
Yen – 4 minutes |
The list below is designated for people who are in need of evacuation assistance (due to sickness, ages and have little or no assistance in evacuation) and live in low area. The priority order is set upon those living in the low areas.
No. |
Full name |
Sub-village |
Reasons for assistance |
Method |
Shelter |
Person in charge |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
||||||
Sub-group 2 |
||||||
1 |
Le Duc Tien, Le Thi Hoa |
2 |
Have a stroke and cannot walk |
Carry by motorbike |
To Minh’s house (neighbor living next door) |
Thanh, Dung – 8 minutes |
2 |
Bui Thi Tuoi, Bui Thi Hai |
2 |
2 children with physical impairment |
Carry by wheel chairs |
To Lan’s house (neighbor living next door) |
Thanh, Dung –10 minutes |
Sub group 6 |
||||||
1 |
Nguyen Thi Thuan |
6 |
Physical impairment and cannot walk |
Carry by motorbike |
Second floor of the house |
Hay – 5 minutes |
2 |
Le Van Sau |
6 |
Old, hard to walk alone |
Carry by motorbike |
Village evacuation house |
Hay – 7 minutes |
3 |
Van Thi Ly, Van Thi Sen |
6 |
Visual impairment |
Carry by motorbike |
Village evacuation house |
Cho, Khanh - 5 minutes |
The list below is designated for people living in low areas and having to evacuate without assistance.
Sub-group |
Number of households |
Name |
Shelter |
Person to monitor and time allocation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 2, about to spill into fields and may reach alarm level 3 |
||||
2 |
1 |
T. Duoc (sub-village 4) |
At Thao’s |
Thao– 5 minutes |
2 |
2 |
Thuy, Hien (sub-village 2) |
At Thao’s |
Thao– 5 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Luc (sub-village 5) |
At Doi’s |
Than Dung – 3 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Chi (sub-village 5) |
At Doi’s |
Than Dung – 3 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Am (sub-village 5) |
At Hai’s |
Than Dung – 4 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Lieu (sub-village 6) |
At Lap’s |
Phuoc– 5 minutes |
5 |
3 |
Khang, Tri, Tuong (sub-village 8) |
At Nghiem’s |
Yen – 5 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Co (sub-village 8) |
At Cuc’s |
Yen – 5 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Dang (sub-village 8) |
At Tinh’s |
Minh – 10 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Lang (sub-village 9) |
At Van’s |
Minh – 5 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Hoa (sub-village 9) |
At Thang’s |
Minh – 5 minutes |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
||||
1 |
2 |
Thoi, T. Trong (sub-village 1) |
At Huong’s |
Sang – 10 minutes |
2 |
1 |
V.Trong (sub-village 2) |
At Thuy’s |
Thanh– 2 minutes |
2 |
1 |
Thoi (sub-village 2) |
At Long’s |
Thanh– 3 minutes |
2 |
1 |
Tuyet (sub-village 2) |
At Tuong’s |
Thanh– 2 minutes |
2 |
2 |
Mai, Mien (sub-village 4) |
At B. Doi’s |
Thanh– 3 minutes |
2 |
1 |
Hoa (sub-village 4) |
At My’s |
Quoi –5 minutes |
2 |
1 |
On (sub-village 2) |
At Tuong’s |
Thao– 10 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Xe (sub-village 5) |
At Mai’s |
Be – 4 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Cuc (sub-village 5) |
At Gia’s |
Be – 3 minutes |
3 |
1 |
Minh (sub-village 5) |
At Be’s |
Be – 3 minutes |
Early warning: water rises at alarm level 3, about to reach road front of village hall and may exceed alarm level 3 (about 1m) |
||||
4 |
1 |
Sam (sub-village 6) |
At Bon’s |
Hay – 5 minutes |
4 |
1 |
My (sub-village 6) |
At Hong’s |
Hay – 5 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Khoi (sub-village 6) |
At Thang’s |
Hay – 5 minutes |
4 |
1 |
V.Anh (sub-village 6) |
At Lap’s |
Hay – 5 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Tan Anh (sub-village 7) |
At Tho’s |
Ro – 4 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Thuy (sub-village 7) |
At Ro’s |
Ro – 3 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Trang (sub-village 7) |
At Tho’s |
Ro – 3 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Tu (sub-village 7) |
At Truong’s |
Anh– 4 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Nam (sub-village 7) |
At Truong’s |
Anh– 3 minutes |
4 |
1 |
Cong (sub-village 7) |
At T.Son’s |
Anh– 3 minutes |
5 |
2 |
Mua, Tinh (sub-village 8) |
At Nghiem’s |
Tin – 10 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Bien (sub-village 9) |
At Thanh’s |
Minh – 5 minutes |
5 |
1 |
Cuc (sub-village 9) |
At Loc’s |
Minh – 5 minutes |
No. |
Risks |
Potential affected people |
Work to do |
Budget |
When to do |
Who to do |
1 |
Slack electric wire |
Sub-village 2 (from canal to Nhi house) Sub-village 5 (from An to Ty house) |
Lift wires and set pole |
Electricity company’s budget |
In progress |
Electricity company |
2 |
Potential landslide |
Sub-village 1, 3 and 5 along the river banks |
Set warning sign |
0 |
Beginning of rainy season |
Sang |
3 |
Swift water |
Sub-village 4, 8 and 9 |
Set warning sign |
0 |
Before rainy season |
Minh, Luom |
4 |
Unfit roads (slippery and narrow) |
Sub-village 5 (from Kien’s to Net house) Sub-village 8 (from pagoda to Tang Tinh house) Sub-village 19 (Thuan to Hoa house) |
Rebuild the road |
To be calculated |
Before rainy season After receiving additional support by People’s Committee |
Villagers and commune People’s Committee |
5 |
Unfit temporary houses |
22 houses Sub-village 2: Hien Sub-village 3: Chua, Che Sub-village 4: Thuy, Hoa, Men, Mai Sub-village 5: Am, Nuoi, Chi, Hung, Minh, Hong, Tho Sub-village 6: Lieu, T.Anh Sub-village 9: Tuan, Nga, Tuong, Dan, Hoa, Co |
- Wait for the supporting program of temporary house from People’s Committee to rebuild the houses - Fix as much as the villagers can until receiving the support from PC confirmed. |
To be calculated |
When receiving support from People’s Committee |
Villagers and commune People’s Committee Villagers in the temporary houses |
No. |
Full name |
Sub-village |
Classification: Village stakeholders People with disabilities Family members of people with disabilities Other villagers |
Note |
1 |
Nguyen Luom |
4 |
Village stakeholders |
Head of village DRM committee |
2 |
Than Duc Hien |
4 |
Village stakeholders |
Vice village head |
3 |
Nguyen Hay |
6 |
Village stakeholders |
Village health worker |
4 |
Than Duc Cho |
6 |
Other villagers |
Veteran Union |
5 |
Do Viet Sang |
3 |
Other villagers |
Farmer Union |
6 |
Huynh Thi Ro |
7 |
Other villagers |
Women Union |
7 |
Than Dung |
4 |
Other villagers |
Village police |
8 |
Le Thi Phuoc |
6 |
Village stakeholders |
Vice head of village DRM committee |
9 |
Do Viet Phung |
2 |
Other villagers |
Villager |
10 |
Tang Be |
5 |
Other villagers |
Villager |
11 |
Nguyen Nhu Hoa |
5 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of the intellectual impairment |
12 |
Dinh Thi Minh |
8 |
Other villagers |
Villager |
13 |
Le Thanh |
3 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of the hearing and speaking impairment |
14 |
Pham Thi Xinh |
3 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of mental impairment |
15 |
Nguyen Thi Mai |
3 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of the physical impairment |
16 |
Le Thi Yen |
8 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of the hearing impairment |
17 |
Nguyen Loan Anh |
8 |
Family members of people with disabilities |
Representative of the visual impairment |
Total |
Village stakeholders: 4 People with disabilities: 0 Family members of people with disabilities : 6 Other villagers: 7 |
- |
No. |
Full name |
Sub-village |
Classification: Village stakeholders People with disabilities Family members of people with disabilities Other villagers |
Note |
1 |
Nguyen Luom |
4 |
Village stakeholders |
- |
2 |
Than Quoi |
4 |
Other villagers |
Head of rescue team |
3 |
Than Thi Thu Thao |
4 |
Other villagers |
- |
4 |
Than Dung |
4 |
Village stakeholders |
- |
5 |
Tang Be |
5 |
Village stakeholders |
- |
6 |
Than Lan |
4 |
Other villagers |
- |
7 |
Nguyen Hay |
6 |
Village stakeholders |
- |
8 |
Than Duc Cho |
6 |
Village stakeholders |
Vice head |
9 |
Le Kim Khanh |
6 |
Other villagers |
- |
10 |
Nguyen Thi Tin |
8 |
Other villagers |
- |
11 |
Le Thi Yen |
8 |
Village stakeholders Family members of people with disabilities |
- |
12 |
Le Thanh |
3 |
Village stakeholders Family members of people with disabilities |
- |
13 |
Nguyen Nhu Thoi |
3 |
Village stakeholders Other villagers |
- |
14 |
Nguyen Thi Mai |
3 |
Village stakeholders Family members of people with disabilities |
- |
15 |
Nguyen Loan Anh |
8 |
Village stakeholders Family members of people with disabilities |
- |
Total |
Village stakeholders: 9 People with disabilities: 0 Family members of people with disabilities: 4 Other villagers: 6 |
- |
a. Head of DRM committee and rescue team
Work to do pre-rainy season |
|
For Head of DRM committee:
|
For Head of rescue team:
|
Work to do post-rainy season |
|
For Head of DRM committee:
|
For Head of rescue team:
|
b. Work to be done by village DRM committee members
Work to do pre-rainy season |
|||
For Head of village disability group:
|
For Representative of people with disabilities:
|
For other members:
|
For Rescue team members:
|
Work to do post-rainy season |
|||
For Head of village disability group:
|
For Representative of people with disabilities:
|
For other members:
|
For Rescue team members:
|
DIEN MINH PEOPLE’S COMMITTEE
STEERING COMMITTEE FOR FLOOD AND STORM
No: /KH-PCLB
THE SOCIAL REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Freedom – Independence – Happiness
Dien Minh, date, month, year
PLAN OF COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
• Number of villages: 7
• Number of households: 2903
• Number of population: 12092
No. |
Disaster |
Frequency |
Timeline |
Affected areas |
Damages (last 5 years) |
1 |
Storm |
Twice/year |
Usually in Oct – Nov annually |
Whole commune |
Human beings:
Properties:
|
2 |
Flooding |
2-3 times/year |
Usually in Oct – Nov annually |
Lowest villages: - Bong Lai, KhucLuy, Dong Hanh, part of TrungPhu 2 (near 1A national high way) Second lowest villages: - Part of TrungPhu 1, Tan My, TrungPhu 2 (by VinhDien highway) Third lowest villages: - Part of TrungPhu 1, Uat Luy, Tan My (under VinhDien high way) |
Human beings:
Properties:
|
3.1. Purpose
• Contribute to minimization of the damages in terms of human lives and properties throughout the commune
903.2. Objective
• To identify strengths/weaknesses of the commune and propose solutions before, during and after disaster
• To build the organization and management system in community based disaster risk management and assign specific duties for commune SCFSC members for active responding to disaster
• To identify villages that need assistance in disaster
3.3. Requirement
Follow four on the spot (leadership on the spot, material and means on the spot, human resources on the spot, logistics on the spot) and three readiness (Active prevention, timely response and adaptation, quick and effective recovery) mottos.
In terms of early warning |
|
Strengths:
|
Weaknesses:
|
In terms of evacuation |
|
Strengths:
|
Weaknesses:
|
In terms of rescue |
|
Strengths:
|
Weaknesses:
|
Other weaknesses may cause harm to people in disasters:
|
The commune committee of flood and storm control (SCFSC) is facilitated by the head of the commune SCFSC. When disasters happen, he will give the commands directly to the standing vice head who will coordinate the village DRM committee of 7 villages, members of commune SCFSC including representatives of the Father Front Union and other communal departments, commune rescue team and social units including representatives of health stations, schools and agricultural cooperatives to implement their tasks. These core members, upon receiving commands from the standing vice head, will order their members to implement the developed disaster response plan. During the implementation process, they also collaborate with each other to fulfill their tasks. Once the tasks are done, they will report the results to standing vice head and then, the vice head will report the results to the head of commune SCFSC.
Evacuation situation |
Tasks |
Evacuate when storm occurs |
1. Commune SCFSC Head organizes urgent meeting among commune SCFSC members to identify the situation and ask the members to implement their tasks. 2. Commune SCFSC members coordinates with villages to provide early warning and organize evacuation as mentioned in village plans (if storm might reach above level 12, coordinate with district level to support). 3. Commune SCFSC members and heads of village DRM committee regularly report results to Vice Head of commune SCFSC. 4. Vice Head of commune SCFSC reports to Head of commune SCFSC. 5. Head of commune SCFSC report to district SCFSC. |
Water can exceed alarm level 3 below 1.5m |
1. Commune SCFSC Head organizes urgent meeting among commune SCFSC members to identify the situation and ask the members to implement their tasks. 2. Commune SCFSC members coordinate with villages to provide early warning and organize evacuation as mentioned in village plans. 3. Members of commune SCFSC and village DRM committee heads regularly report results to Vice Head of commune SCFSC. 4. Vice Head of commune SCFSC reports to Head of commune SCFSC. 5. Head of commune SCFSC report to district SCFSC. |
Water is about to reach alarm level 3 and can exceed level 3 (2m) |
1. Commune SCFSC head requests support from district SCFSC. 2. Commune SCFSC members coordinate with villages to provide early warning and organize evacuation as mentioned in village plans. 3. Members of commune SCFSC and village DRM committee heads regularly report results to Vice Head of commune SCFSC. 4. Vice Head of commune SCFSC reports to Head of commune SCFSC. 5. Head of commune SCFSC report to district SCFSC. |
Note: Commune rescue teams support village rescue team in Search and Rescue during and after evacuations
No. |
Village |
Person in charge |
Method |
Reason for assistance |
Implementation time |
1 |
Bong Lai |
Nguyen Van Nhu |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
30 minutes |
2 |
Khuc Luy |
Le Phuoc An |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
30 minutes |
3 |
Dong Hanh |
Pham Phu Hong Phuc |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
40 minutes |
4 |
Trung Phu 2 |
Nguyen Van Toan |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
15 minutes |
5 |
Trung Phu 1 |
Nguyen Van Toan |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
30 minutes |
6 |
Uat Luy |
Le Phuoc An |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
20 minutes |
7 |
Tan My |
Pham Phu Hong Phuc |
Portable loudspeaker |
DRM committee do not have enough resources (public loudspeaker and people) to give early warning on time for all areas that do not have access to early warning |
40 minutes |
Note: Following request of DRM committees, Head of commune SCFSC will assign his members to come and assist village DRM committee in giving early warning by using portable loudspeaker at areas which do not have access to early public warnings. This kind of assistance helps to make sure all villagers can receive early warning on time.
93
No. |
Village |
Number of households |
Evacuation shelter |
Responsible person |
Means of assistance for late evacuees and time of implementation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Dong Hanh |
170 |
- Tran QuocToan school (120 households – sub village 2, 3, 4) - Bong Lai Kindergarten (50 households of sub-village 5) |
- District SCFSC/rescue team - Commune SCFSC members: Dung, Thuan, Tam. - Commune rescue team: Quang, Bao. - Village rescue team |
20 boats from villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 120 minutes |
2 |
Trung Phu 2 |
130 |
- Ly TuTrong high school (70 households of sub-village 7, 8) - Ly ThuongKiet school (32 households, sub-village 1-6) |
- District SCFSC/rescue team - Commune SCFSC members: Muon, Thanh, Thang. - Commune rescue team: Toan, Nho - Village rescue team |
10 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 60 minutes |
3 |
Trung Phu 1 |
7 |
Vinahouse company (sub-village 9, group 2) |
- Commune SCFSC members: Ngai, Phuc - Commune rescue team: Hao - Village rescue team |
2 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 30 minutes |
4 |
Tan My |
108 |
Vinahouse workshop (sub-village 10, 11) |
- District SCFSC/rescue team - Commune SCFSC members: Quang, Dung - Commune rescue team: Phuc, Tho, Truong - Village rescue team |
15 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 120 minutes |
5 |
Uat Luy |
42 |
- Ly Thuong Kiet school (23 households, sub-village 5) - Minh Phuoc pagoda (19 households – sub village 3) |
- District SCFSC/rescue team - Commune SCFSC members: Chi, Le Thang - Commune rescue team: Thong, Thinh - Village rescue team |
5 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 40 minutes |
6 |
Khuc Luy (sub-village 9 +10) |
25 |
Tran Quoc Toan school |
- District SCFSC/rescue - Commune SCFSC members: Tan, Tuan, Sinh - Commune rescue team: Cam, Sang - Village rescue team |
5 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 40 minutes |
7 |
Bong Lai |
25 |
- Kindergarten (15 households - sub village 1) - Tran Quoc Toan school (10 households – sub village 2, 3) |
- District SCFSC/rescue - Commune SCFSC members: Huy, Binh, Sy - Village rescue team |
5 boats of villagers and other means supported by commune and district level Time: 40 minutes |
Note: The other villagers who need assistance to evacuate and live in low land areas have been evacuated earlier by road transport means.
94
No. |
Dangers |
Affected areas/people |
Things to do |
Cost |
Implementation time |
Person in charge |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Landslide-prone roads |
Uat Luy, Tan My, Trung Phu 1, Trung Phu 2 |
Early evacuation for 131 households |
0 |
As in village plan |
As in village plan |
2 |
Riverside landslide prone areas |
Village of Dong Hanh (10), Tan My (21) |
Early evacuation |
0 |
On receiving early warning |
Villagers |
- |
- |
- |
Development of relocation plan |
To be calculated |
After the plan is approved |
Villagers, commune and district SCFSC |
- |
- |
- |
Build the river embankment |
To be calculated |
As soon as the plan is approved |
National CFSC |
3 |
Low land area that water flood often runs and strong |
Tan My, Uat Luy, Dong Hanh, Bong Lai village |
Build the sign pole |
2 million VND |
Before rainy season of 2014 |
Commune People’s Committee |
4 |
Slack electrical wire |
Sparse over the villages |
Monitor villages’plan implementation |
0 |
Before rainy season of 2014 |
SCFSC members who are assigned to assist villages |
5 |
Bad roads |
2 communal roads |
Upgrade roads |
40 billion VND |
After budget being approved |
District People’s Committee |
6 |
Temporary houses |
Sparse over the villages |
Build new houses |
10 million VND/house |
After the program of eliminating temporary houses is approved |
District People’s Committee |
7 |
Lacking of early warning devices (portable loudspeaker, public loudspeaker) and rescue vehicles (engine boats, boats at villages) |
Villagers |
Buy equipment: 14 portable bullhorns for 7 villages 3 loud speaker spots for villages of Tan My (2), Dong Hanh (1), 1 engine boat for commune, 7 aluminum boats for 7 villages |
483 millions VND |
- |
District People’s Committee and other donors |
8 |
Old trees, likely to fall |
Sparse over commune |
Cut and remove |
5 million VND(to buy a chainsaw) |
Before rainy season of 2014 |
Commune SCFSC |
9 |
Lacking means of early warning for hearing impaired villagers |
Hearing impaired villagers |
Use colorful cloths for flagging |
500,000 VND |
Before rainy season of 2014 |
Commune DPO |
10 |
No ramp in evacuation shelters |
Physical, visual impairment people and the elderly |
Build accessible ramps Assign helpers at evacuation shelters |
1 million VND |
Before rainy season of 2014 |
Commune DPO |
11 |
No safe shelters for people (in case of storm over level 12) |
7 villages |
Build multi-purpose house |
To be calculated |
As soon as the plan is approved by district level |
District People’s Committee and other donors |
12 |
Some villagers (esp. children) are not aware of early evacuation and disaster risks |
7 villages |
Enhance advocacy in all means (parental communication, media and schools etc) |
0 |
Regularly |
Commune SCFSC members |
13 |
Most of village roads are narrow, cannot stand large – scale evacuation transport |
7 villages |
- Implement rural master planning - Require villagers to come to general evacuation pick up location |
To be calculated |
As soon as the plan is approved As soon as early warning is issued |
Commune CCFSC and villagers |
14 |
Some commune SCFSC members have not been trained on DRR, management skill in emergency situation |
Commune SCFSC |
Deliver trainings requested |
To be calculated |
Before next rainy season |
District SCFSC |
Note: The People’s Committee President will decide which activities mentioned above will be integrated into social economic development plan to support.
95• To be prepared by villagers (at least 15 days during disaster situation).
• Commune People’s Committee will use 20 million VND (spare fund) to buy 5 tons of rice, 200 buckets of instant noodles and 100 kegs of water.
No. |
Department/Members |
Before rainy season |
During disaster |
After disaster |
1 |
Commune SCFSC |
Develop DRM plan |
Implement the plan |
Recover aftermath and evaluate the impact and plan’s feasibility |
1.1 |
Head of SCFSC |
General responsibility |
||
1.2 |
Vice head of SCFSC |
Participate in developing the plan |
Lead the rescue team and collaborate with district SCFSC to perform rescue |
Deploy forces to recover in the aftermath |
1.3 |
Members |
- |
||
2 |
Village DRM committee |
Develop village DRM plan |
Implement the plan |
Recover in the aftermath |
3 |
Related departments |
Implement as requested by commune SCFSC |
12.1. Name list of commune SCFSC
No. |
Name |
Position/Working division |
1 |
Pham Minh Trieu |
Vice President of PC_Head of SCFSC |
2 |
Tran Van Phong |
Head of communal armed forces- Vice Head of SCFSC |
3 |
Pham Xu |
Vice President of People’s Council – Vice Head of SCFSC |
- |
Members of SCFSC |
- |
4 |
Phan Xuan Hong Phuc |
Staff from statistic data division |
5 |
Le Viet Muon |
Head of Police station |
6 |
Dinh Nu Da Thao |
Staff from administrative office |
7 |
Le Thang |
Staff from Environmental Division |
8 |
Le Dac Quang |
Vice Head of communal armed forces |
9 |
Pham Tuan Huy |
Staff from TV station |
10 |
Nguyen Nho Chien |
Accountant of PC Kếtoán NSX |
11 |
Pham Thang |
Staff from social culture division |
12 |
Luong Van Thanh |
Staff from construction division |
13 |
Nguyen Van Thuan |
Vice Head of Agriculture division |
14 |
Vo Huu Sinh |
- |
15 |
Lam Gia Tam |
Head of agriculture cooperatives |
16 |
Pham Doan Xao |
Head of agriculture cooperatives |
17 |
Nguyen Van Ky |
Head of health station |
18 |
Nguyen Thi Trang |
Head of Women’s Union |
19 |
Vo Chi |
Head of farmer association |
20 |
Phan Xuan Ngai |
Head of Vietnamese Fatherland Front |
21 |
Phan Xuân Nai |
Head of veterans' organization |
22 |
Nguyen Thanh |
Vice Head of veterans' organization |
23 |
Le Thi Luan |
Staff from Population, Children and Family |
24 |
Tran Canh Minh Tuan |
Staff from administrative office |
25 |
Nguyen Thanh Tam |
Head of Youth |
12.2. Commune hazard map
Hazard Map of Dien Minh Commune
Page 64
*12) http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/washington_group/wg_questions.htm
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